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As a leading Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01) supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.
What is unique about the preparation process of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01)?
This product is prepared by a two-step polymerization process: the first step is to mix phosphoric acid and urea in proportion and react at 180℃ to generate ammonium polyphosphate prepolymer. This process needs to last for 2 hours to ensure sufficient reaction; the second step is to transfer the prepolymer to a closed high-pressure reactor, introduce ammonia, and carry out secondary polymerization at 250℃ and 0.5MPa pressure for 3 hours to make the degree of polymerization reach 30-40, thus obtaining Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01). The high-pressure environment promotes the full extension of the molecular chain like an alchemy furnace, and the degree of polymerization of the product produced by the normal pressure method is increased by 50%. The product is treated by air flow pulverization, and the particle size is controlled below 10μm. The powder has good fluidity and a bulk density of 0.6g/cm³, which is convenient for automatic feeding and suitable for the production of precision injection molding products.
What are the applications of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01) in epoxy resin?
This product is a key material for epoxy resin flame retardant. The addition amount is 20%. It works synergistically with the curing agent. The cured product has a Shore hardness of 85D, a bending strength of 120MPa, and a mechanical property loss of less than 10%. When used for copper clad laminates, the flame retardant level reaches UL94 V-0, and the dielectric constant is 4.2 (1MHz), which meets the use requirements of high-frequency circuits. It has excellent compatibility with epoxy resin, the cross section of the cured product is smooth and free of bubbles, and the heat deformation temperature is 130℃, which is only 5℃ lower than that of epoxy resin without flame retardant. In the wave soldering test of printed circuit boards, there is no decomposition phenomenon after being placed at 260℃ for 30 seconds, and there is no bulging on the pad. Therefore, it is suitable for the field of electronic packaging and can meet the dual requirements of electronic components for flame retardancy and high temperature resistance.
Why does Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01) have excellent thermal stability?
Through thermogravimetric analysis, the 5% weight loss temperature of this product in nitrogen atmosphere reaches 320℃, which is 30℃ higher than APP-3; in air atmosphere, it is 300℃, which is far higher than the processing temperature of most engineering plastics. After being placed in an oven at 300℃ for 100 hours, the weight loss rate is only 1.5%, while the weight loss rate of APP-2 under the same conditions is 4%. Its molecular chain contains stable P-O-P bonds, and the end groups are treated with ammoniation and sealing, which is not easy to hydrolyze and break. Therefore, it can withstand the high temperature and long-term thermal aging of solder. It is the preferred flame retardant for electronic components under high temperature conditions and can ensure the safety of electronic equipment in long-term use.
What is the difference between Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01) and other APPs in terms of toxicity?
This product has been tested for acute oral toxicity, and the LD50 is greater than 5000mg/kg, which is actually non-toxic and safer than APP-1's 3000mg/kg. Its heavy metal content is extremely low, with lead content less than 10ppm, cadmium less than 5ppm, and mercury less than 1ppm, which meets the requirements of RoHS 2.0 standard. Gas chromatography analysis of the gas released during its combustion showed that no highly toxic substances such as formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide were detected, and only a small amount of ammonia was contained. Therefore, it is suitable for fields sensitive to toxicity such as children's electronic toys and medical equipment housings. It is safer and more reliable when used, and can effectively protect human health.
How does Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-01) adapt to automated production lines?
The powder of this product has good fluidity, an angle of repose of 35°, and is easy to feed through a pneumatic conveying system. The pipeline blockage rate is less than 1%. When mixed with epoxy resin, a screw metering pump can be used directly for feeding, and the metering accuracy reaches ±0.5%, which is 10 times higher than manual feeding. It has low hygroscopicity and can maintain good fluidity after being stored in an environment with a relative humidity of 80% for 7 days. It can be used directly without drying, reducing the downtime of the production line. Due to the stable product performance, the difference between different batches is less than 2%, the quality fluctuation of downstream products is small, and the scrap rate is reduced by 15%, which provides a reliable guarantee for large-scale automated production and improves production efficiency and product quality.