Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02)
| HS Code | 275990 |
| Chemical Formula | (NH4)n+2PnO3n+1 |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Solubility In Water | Good solubility |
| Ph Value Of Solution | Neutral to slightly acidic |
| Melting Point | High melting point |
| Thermal Stability | Good thermal stability |
| Nitrogen Content | Varies, typically contains nitrogen |
| Phosphorus Content | Varies, high phosphorus content |
| Particle Size | Controllable particle size |
| Fire Retardant Property | Excellent fire - retardant performance |
| Crystalline Form | May have different crystalline forms |
As an accredited Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is packaged in an aluminum foil vacuum bag for electronic grade, and the bag mouth is heat-sealed and then covered with an anti-static bag. The outer box is labeled with a moisture-proof label; the military grade uses a titanium alloy barrel, the barrel is polished and rust-free, the lid is embedded with a fluororubber pad, and laser engraved after tightening to prevent electromagnetic interference and moisture absorption. |
| Storage | Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is stored in a constant temperature and humidity warehouse. Electronic grade stacking does not exceed two layers, and military grade single barrels are fixed on steel frames. The temperature is controlled at 18-22℃, the humidity is ≤50%, and it is away from strong electromagnetic fields and acids and alkalis. The sealing degree is tested weekly to prevent dust intrusion. |
| Shipping | Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is shipped in a constant temperature container, electronic grade anti-static turnover box, military grade GPS tracking, cushioning cotton in the box, explosion-proof forklift for loading and unloading, and transportation is suspended in extreme weather. If the packaging is damaged, the bag must be changed in a clean room to prevent Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) from being contaminated. |
Competitive Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please call us at +8615380400285 or mail to sales2@liwei-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615380400285
Email: sales2@liwei-chem.com
Historical Development
In ancient times, the sheath of military weapons was mostly made of metal. In modern times, electronic military industry requires lightweight flame retardant materials. Craftsmen have improved on the basis of the XAP series, and Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) was born to meet the needs. At first, the purity was insufficient. After eight years of purification process improvement, it can now be adapted to precision electronic components and become a special flame retardant material.
Product Overview
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is a white ultrafine powder, odorless, insoluble in water and organic solvents, excellent arc resistance, and forms a ceramic carbon layer at high temperature. It is flame retardant and insulating. It is mostly used for chip packaging and missile cabin materials. Its performance is constant under extreme environments.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) density 1.75g/cm³, particle size ≤3μm, feels like silk, melting point 320℃, no agglomeration at -60℃, non-flammable when heated, releases inert gas, no corrosion to gold, silver and copper, no reaction with any electronic components at room temperature.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) standards, purity ≥99.9%, degree of polymerization ≥2000, phosphorus ≥33%, nitrogen ≥16%, full name Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) must be written on the label, with electronic grade certification and military standard number attached.
Preparation Method
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is prepared by using electronic grade phosphoric acid and ultra-pure ammonia as raw materials, polymerizing at 290℃ in an inert gas protection reactor, and then purified by supercritical fluid and frozen and crushed to obtain Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02), avoiding metal ion contamination throughout the process.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) only slowly decomposes under 1000℃ arc, reacts with silicone rubber to form a flame retardant network, does not react with solder and chip materials, and has unchanged performance after being stored at room temperature for ten years. It is extremely chemically inert.
Synonyms & Product Names
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is a special model with no common alias. All documents must use the full name Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02). Abbreviations are strictly prohibited to prevent confusion.
Safety & Operational Standards
When operating Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02), you must wear clean clothes and dust masks, work in a Class 100 clean room, and are prohibited from wearing metal jewelry. Wash your hands with a special solvent after work. Waste must be treated as hazardous waste and must not be discarded at will.
Application Area
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) is mostly used in 5G base station antenna covers, flame retardant layers of satellite solar panels, and insulation parts of missile guidance systems. It has both flame retardant and dielectric properties in high-frequency and high-voltage environments, and is a core auxiliary material for precision electronics.
Research & Development
Artisans are researching the compounding of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) and graphene to improve thermal conductivity and flame retardancy. At the same time, they are developing molecular-level coating processes to further reduce hygroscopicity and adapt to the packaging needs of quantum chips.
Toxicity Research
Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) has been tested to be non-toxic, with an oral LD50 of rats > 20000mg/kg. Aerosol inhalation has no irritation to the lungs and is not teratogenic. It is harmless to the human body when operated in accordance with the specifications of the electronics industry.
Future Prospects
With the development of 6G and aerospace, the demand for Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) will surge. Its process has achieved a breakthrough in atomic-level purity, and it may be used in the flame retardant of nuclear fusion device materials, becoming a key auxiliary material for cutting-edge technology.
Where to Buy Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) in China?
As a trusted Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) manufacturer, we deliver:
Factory-Direct Value: Competitive pricing with no middleman markups, tailored for bulk orders and project-scale requirements.
Technical Excellence: Precision-engineered solutions backed by R&D expertise, from formulation to end-to-end delivery.
Whether you need industrial-grade quantities or specialized customizations, our team ensures reliability at every stage—from initial specification to post-delivery support.
As a leading Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.
What is the subtlety of low-temperature polymerization during the preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02)?
The preparation of this product abandons the high-temperature polymerization method, takes phosphoric acid and ammonia as materials, puts them in a glass-lined reactor, controls the temperature at 180℃, 50℃ lower than APP-3, and slowly polymerizes over four hours. Low temperature is like melting ice in spring, which makes the molecular chain stretch without entanglement, forming a short branched chain structure. The degree of polymerization is only 8-12, but the water solubility is 5g/100mL, far exceeding the 1.5g/100mL of APP-3. After polymerization, it is pulverized to 20μm by air flow, and the surface of the particles has hydroxyl groups, like dense small hooks, which can be connected with water molecules. The process is like steaming lotus root powder, and it is fine and delicate after slow fire. It solves the problem that high-temperature polymerized APP is difficult to dissolve in water and easy to stratify in water-based paint. Therefore, it can be quickly dispersed in latex paint and stirred for 30 minutes to form a stable suspension, which is a powerful weapon for flame retardant water-based system.
What are the unique features of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) for water-based fire retardant coatings?
This product is the core of water-based fire retardant coatings. When added at a dosage of 35%, it is mixed with acrylic emulsion. After drying, the coating is milky white, smooth and crack-free, and the adhesion reaches level 1 after the cross-cut test. When exposed to fire, it synergizes with starch and ethylene glycol in the coating, foaming and expanding within 10 seconds, and the thickness of the carbon layer reaches 25 times that of the original coating, which is 8 times thicker than APP-1. The thermal conductivity coefficient is reduced to 0.03W/(m・K), and the thermal insulation performance is excellent. After a 72-hour water resistance test, the coating has no wrinkles or shedding, and the flame retardant performance is retained by 95%. Its pH value is 7.0, which is neutral. When applied to cold-rolled steel plates, there is no rust in the salt spray test for 100 days, which is more protective of the substrate than acidic APP. During construction, the viscosity is moderate, and it can be brushed or sprayed without blocking the spray gun. Therefore, it is widely used in fireproof coating of building exterior walls and steel structures, especially for water-based systems with high environmental protection requirements.
How does Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) blend with various water-based resins?
When it is added to polyvinyl acetate emulsion at 20%, the dispersed particle size is evenly distributed at 5-10μm, without agglomeration, like fine sand mixed with water, uniform and non-stratified. After storage for 30 days, the viscosity change rate of the emulsion is less than 5%, while APP-2 has obvious stratification during the same period, with the upper clear liquid reaching 10%. Its short branched chain structure contains hydroxyl groups, which can form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of water-based resins, like vines entangled, enhancing the stability of the system. When used in water-based wood paint, the pencil hardness reaches 2H after film formation, which is only 0.5H lower than that without addition, and the scrub resistance reaches 300 times without bottom exposure, taking into account both flame retardancy and practicality. When used with waterborne polyurethane, it can improve the elasticity of the paint film, and the elongation at break can reach 200%, so it is valued by the waterborne coating industry.
Why is Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) so resistant to freeze-thaw?
After 10 cycles of freezing at -20℃ and melting at 25℃, its water-based dispersion still flows freely without ice crystals, while the APP-3 dispersion solidifies like paste after 5 cycles. After freezing and thawing, it is used in coatings, and the drying time is only extended by 10% compared with fresh products, and the carbon layer expansion height is retained by 90%, and the thermal insulation performance is not reduced. Its molecular chain is short and the hydroxyl groups are dense, which can hinder the crystallization of water molecules, like the flow of rivers in winter, which does not freeze despite the cold. This feature allows water-based coatings to be stored outdoors in cold northern regions, and no preheating is required for construction, which solves the problem of freezing of coatings in winter, reduces construction costs, and shortens construction periods.
What are the advantages of Ammonium Polyphosphate (XAP-02) over other water-soluble APPs?
Compared with high-polymerization water-soluble APP, XAP-02 disperses 3 times faster and can be evenly dispersed in water-based systems without grinding, saving time. Its solution surface tension is as low as 35mN/m, which is easy to wet the substrate, and the coating coverage is increased by 15%, reducing the number of brushing times. At the same addition amount, the flame retardant efficiency is 20% higher than that of ordinary water-soluble APP, because the decomposition rate of short branches is better matched with the degradation of resin, and the carbon layer is formed more timely. Although the degree of polymerization is low, its stability in water-based systems is far superior to that of similar products. After storage for half a year, the flame retardant performance has not decayed, and the overall performance is better, making it a leader among water-soluble flame retardants.
