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How to precisely control the reaction conditions of raw materials when preparing Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950)?
This material is made by accurately weighing 99% pure diethylphosphonic acid and analytical pure zinc oxide in a 2:1 molar ratio and adding them to a 500L enamel reactor. Add 200L deionized water as solvent, start stirring, adjust the speed to 50 rpm, raise the temperature to 85℃, and keep the temperature difference within ±1℃. During the 4 hours of reaction, take samples every hour to measure the pH value, and fine-tune it to 5.0 with dilute phosphoric acid or zinc oxide powder. Just like the chef controls the salt, if it is too acidic, unreacted diethylphosphonic acid will remain, and if it is too alkaline, zinc hydroxide impurities will be generated. After the reaction, the solution was filtered through an 800-mesh filter cloth to remove the residue, and the filtrate was placed in a vacuum concentration tank and concentrated to a solid content of 70% at 60°C. It was then centrifugally spray-dried (inlet air 180°C, outlet air 80°C) to obtain a white powder, namely Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950). Its purity was 99% as detected by HPLC, with a zinc content of 18%±0.3%, a phosphorus content of 23%±0.2%, and a moisture content of <0.1%. This process is like quenching a sword, which requires no error to obtain a product with uniform particles and stable performance.
What is the effect of Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950) in polyolefin plastics?
This product is added to polypropylene (PP) at a dosage of 20%, supplemented with 8% antimony trioxide for synergy, and mixed by a twin-screw extruder (temperature 180-200℃). The flame retardant of injection molded strips reaches UL94 V-0 level (1.6mm), and the oxygen index increases from 18% to 30%. The tensile strength is retained at 88%, reaching 32MPa, and the impact strength is 4.2kJ/m², which is only 10% lower than that without addition. In low-density polyethylene (LDPE), the addition amount is 25%, the film thickness is 0.1mm, and it self-extinguishes when burning, without dripping, and the light transmittance is retained at 75%. It has good compatibility with polyolefins. After heat aging at 100℃ for 7 days, there is no frost on the surface, so it is suitable for wire and cable insulation layers, plastic films, etc., taking into account both flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
What is the difference between Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950) and other metal phosphonates?
Compared with Aluminum Diethylphosphinate (ADP1000), Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950) has better dispersibility in polyolefins, and there is still no agglomeration when the particle size is 15μm, while ADP1000 needs to be controlled below 10μm. The flame retardant efficiency is slightly higher, and the oxygen index is 2-3 percentage points higher at the same addition amount, because the zinc ion has a stronger catalytic carbonization ability. Its thermal decomposition temperature is 340℃, which is 30℃ higher than that of magnesium phosphonates, so it is suitable for polyolefin blends with higher processing temperatures. Although the cost is 10% higher than ADP1000, the amount used in thin products can be reduced by 5%, and the overall cost is lower, which is the preferred choice for specific scenarios.
How is the temperature resistance of Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950) reflected?
When added to PP strips at 15% and placed in a 120℃ oven for 30 days, the flame retardant level remains V-0, and the oxygen index decreases by less than 1%. In the 200℃ thermal weight loss test, the weight loss rate in 1 hour is only 0.8%, which is much lower than the 3.5% of calcium phosphonates. It does not decompose or discolor when in contact with high-temperature molten polyolefins, so there is no odor during injection molding and no fouling on the die head. This feature makes it suitable for polyolefin parts around automobile engines, which can withstand long-term high temperatures without failure, and its flame retardant properties are as stable as before.
What are the storage and processing specifications for Zinc Diethylphosphinate (ZDP950)?
This product needs to be packaged in four-layer aluminum foil vacuum bags, 20kg per bag, with silica gel desiccant inside the bag and moisture-proof corrugated paperboard outside. Store in a concrete warehouse, install an automatic temperature and humidity recorder, control the temperature <30℃, and the relative humidity <55%; the bottom is padded with a 10cm high wooden pallet, and the stacking does not exceed 6 bags, with a stacking distance of ≥50cm for easy ventilation. No pre-drying is required before processing, and it can be directly mixed with the resin, saving energy consumption in the 2-hour drying process. In the twin-screw extruder, the screw combination adopts a weak shear configuration, and the speed is preferably 250 rpm to avoid high shear causing molecular chain breakage. The dust is of medium emission, and the workshop needs to be equipped with a central dust removal system (air volume 1500m³/h). Operators need to wear KN95 masks and nitrile gloves. The equipment needs to be grounded (resistance <10Ω) to prevent static electricity, and a dust concentration alarm (alarm value 50mg/m³) needs to be installed above the hopper. If it absorbs moisture and forms agglomerates accidentally, it can still be used after being dried with hot air at 80℃ for 2 hours and sifted through an 80-mesh sieve, and its flame retardant performance remains unchanged.