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What is the chemical composition and structure of Antimony Trioxide Alternative?
This material is based on nano zinc oxide, compounded with zinc molybdate and zinc stannate, and the ratio of the three is precisely controlled to be 5:3:2, and is prepared by the sol-gel method. The particle size of nano zinc oxide is 20nm, the specific surface area is 50m²/g, and the surface is modified by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), and the hydroxyl content reaches 0.8mmol/g, which enhances the compatibility with the resin; zinc molybdate has a flaky structure, a particle size of 1-2μm, and has an interlayer barrier effect; zinc stannate is granular, with a particle size of 500nm, which can promote flame retardant synergy. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, its main crystal phase is a hexagonal wurtzite structure (characteristic peak of zinc oxide), accompanied by a small amount of orthorhombic zinc molybdate and cubic zinc stannate, no impurity peak, and purity>99%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations show that the three components are evenly dispersed without obvious agglomeration, forming a three-dimensional network structure. Its density is 4.2g/cm³, which is 26% lower than antimony trioxide (5.67g/cm³), which can reduce the weight of the product; the melting point is greater than 1000℃, and the thermogravimetric analysis shows that there is no weight loss below 300℃, and the weight loss rate is less than 5% at 600℃, and the thermal stability is excellent. Through the laser particle size analyzer, its D50=1.5μm, the particle size distribution span is 1.2, and the particle uniformity is good, which lays a structural foundation for efficient synergistic flame retardancy and can completely replace antimony trioxide for various flame retardant systems.
What is the synergistic flame retardant efficiency ratio of Antimony Trioxide Alternative?
In brominated flame retardant ABS (containing 15% decabromodiphenyl ether), this product can replace the same amount of antimony trioxide, and the flame retardant performance of the product still reaches UL94 V-0 level (1.6mm), the vertical combustion self-extinguishing time is less than 3 seconds, and the addition amount can be reduced by 15% - the original 10% antimony trioxide is replaced by 8.5% of this product, and the oxygen index is increased from 28% to 30%. Its synergistic efficiency (CE) is calculated to be 1.2, which is higher than 1.0 of antimony trioxide, because multi-metal oxides can enhance the effect through the following mechanism: zinc oxide reacts with brominated flame retardants to generate zinc bromide, catalyzing the release of bromine free radicals and accelerating the termination of the combustion chain reaction; zinc molybdate promotes carbonization to form a dense carbon layer; zinc stannate inhibits smoke generation, and the three synergistically improve the flame retardant performance. In PVC (containing 30% chlorinated paraffin), adding 6% of this product, the flame retardancy reaches UL94 V-0 level, the smoke suppression effect is better, the smoke density rating (SDR) is reduced from 70 to 45, a decrease of 35%, and the thermal stability of PVC (Congo red test) is extended to 180 minutes, which is better than the 150 minutes of adding antimony trioxide. In HIPS (containing 12% hexabromocyclododecane), adding 7% of this product, the impact strength retention rate is 85%, which is higher than the 80% of adding 8% antimony trioxide. Because this product has finer particles and less damage to the matrix, it takes into account both synergistic effect and material performance.
How is the environmental performance of Antimony Trioxide Alternative reflected?
This product does not contain heavy metals such as antimony, lead, and cadmium. According to the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) test, the antimony content is less than 10ppm, and the lead and cadmium are less than 5ppm, which fully complies with the requirements of EU RoHS 2.0 and REACH regulations (197 substances of high concern). Acute toxicity tests show that the rat oral LD50 is greater than 5000mg/kg, which is actually non-toxic, while the LD50 of antimony trioxide is 3250mg/kg, which is significantly more toxic. The combustion toxicity test (according to ISO 5659) shows that the CO concentration released by its combustion is 350ppm, and the hydrogen bromide concentration is less than 50ppm, which is 40% lower than the system with antimony trioxide added. It has passed the German GS environmental certification and the American UL GREENGUARD certification. The production process adopts hydrothermal synthesis method, without harmful gas emissions. The wastewater is treated with COD less than 50mg/L and can be recycled. The energy consumption is 20% lower than the production of antimony trioxide, and the carbon emissions are reduced by 15%. The product packaging uses recyclable kraft paper and PE film, which is free of plastic pollution and meets green packaging standards. From raw material procurement to finished product delivery, the entire life cycle meets environmental protection requirements and is suitable for electronic appliances, children's toys and other fields with strict environmental protection requirements.
How does Antimony Trioxide Alternative affect material properties?
When used in ABS resin (melt flow rate 15g/10min), adding 8.5% of this product, the tensile strength of the product is 42MPa, which is equivalent to ABS (41MPa) with 10% antimony trioxide added; the simply supported beam impact strength is 18kJ/m², slightly higher by 1kJ/m²; the surface gloss is 65GU, 5GU higher than the antimony trioxide system, because the nanoparticles scatter light more evenly, and the product appearance is better. In HIPS, adding 7% of this product, the bending modulus is 2800MPa, and the heat deformation temperature is 88℃, which is basically the same as HIPS with 8% antimony trioxide, and fully meets the requirements for home appliance shells. In PVC cable materials, adding 6% of this product, the elongation at break is 200%, which is 20% higher than the antimony trioxide system, because the flaky zinc molybdate can enhance the flexibility of PVC. According to the torque rheometer test, its mixed torque with the resin is stable, the dispersed particle size is less than 15μm, the product has no defects such as pitting and bubbles, and the injection molding qualification rate is 99%. It is compatible with the process of using antimony trioxide, and there is no need to adjust the equipment parameters. Therefore, this product can directly replace antimony trioxide, and has more advantages in appearance and some mechanical properties, without modifying the product design.
What are the applications and costs of Antimony Trioxide Alternative?
This product is widely used and can replace antimony trioxide for ABS, HIPS, PVC, PBT and other resins. It is suitable for electronic and electrical housings (such as TV back shells, printer housings), wire and cable insulation layers, PVC sheets for construction, automotive interior parts, etc. In the field of electronic and electrical appliances, it has passed UL 94 V-0 certification and meets the IEC 60695 flame retardant standard; in wires and cables, it meets the GB/T 18380.1-2008 flame retardant requirements. When replacing antimony trioxide, the initial raw material cost is 10% higher, but because the addition amount is reduced by 15% and no additional smoke suppressant is required, the overall cost is reduced by 5%. Taking an annual production of 1,000 tons of flame-retardant ABS products as an example, the use of this product can save about 80,000 yuan in costs. The packaging is 25kg sealed iron drum lined with polyethylene plastic bags, and the drum cover is equipped with a rubber seal to prevent air leakage. It is stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse to avoid mixing with strong acids and oxidants. The shelf life is 2 years. After being damp, it can be restored by drying at 105℃ for 2 hours. No special equipment is required during processing. It can be mixed with resin and flame retardant at the same time. It has excellent dispersibility and does not need to extend the mixing time. Therefore, it is easy to promote industrialization and is especially suitable for export companies with strict environmental protection requirements.