Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ
| HS Code | 546782 |
| Chemical Formula | C12H9O2P |
| Molecular Weight | 216.17 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off - white powder |
| Melting Point | 145 - 148 °C |
| Solubility | Soluble in some organic solvents like acetone, chloroform |
| Thermal Stability | Good thermal stability |
| Flame Retardant Mechanism | Acts via gas - phase and condensed - phase mechanisms |
| Phosphorus Content | High phosphorus content contributing to flame retardancy |
| Purity | Typically high purity (e.g., ≥98%) |
| Hydrolysis Stability | Moderate hydrolysis stability |
As an accredited Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Flame Retardant DOPO - HQ packaged in 25 - kg bags for easy handling and storage. |
| Storage | Flame Retardant DOPO - HQ should be stored in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated area. Keep it away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight. Store in tightly - sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid storing near reactive substances. This helps maintain its quality and stability over time. |
| Shipping | Flame Retardant DOPO - HQ is shipped in well - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It adheres to strict chemical shipping regulations, ensuring safe transport to prevent leakage and maintain product integrity during transit. |
Competitive Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please call us at +8615380400285 or mail to sales2@liwei-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615380400285
Email: sales2@liwei-chem.com
Historical Development
With the increasing progress of the chemical industry, the need for flame retardants has become increasingly urgent, so many scholars are competing to explore new flame retardants. At first, halogen compounds were commonly used in the world, but their environmental protection was not enough, and they were eventually questioned. Since the end of the twentieth century, phosphorus-based flame retardants have emerged and are highly regarded. Among them, DOPO derivatives are famous for their high efficiency and low toxicity. Later, those who specialize in polymer applications have dedicated themselves to improving, forming DOPO-HQ, which has both heat resistance and flame retardant beauty, and is widely favored. Europe, America and East Asia have successively introduced new technologies to improve the synthesis process, which has greatly improved its purity and stability. Today, DOPO-HQ has been widely used in engineering plastics, epoxy resins and other fields, not only to improve material properties, but also to respond to the general trend of green environmental protection.
Product Overview
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ, a new flame retardant in modern times. It is co-structured with DOPO group and hydroxybiphenyl, with exquisite structure and stable properties. The color is white, slightly aromatic, and easily soluble in many organic solvents. Commonly used in engineering plastics, epoxy resins and other materials, applied to polymer bodies, it can give excellent flame retardant performance. When ignited, it will block itself from fire sources, and the smoke is less toxic. And it has good compatibility with the substrate, without affecting its mechanical and electrical nature. It is widely used in electronics, electrical, transportation, and building materials, especially when environmental regulations are stricter. Its dosage is provincial and efficient, the process is easy to operate, and the storage and transportation are safe. It is a new generation of high-efficiency and environmentally friendly flame retardant materials, which are highly regarded by all walks of life in industry and commerce. Due to its excellent performance, it has promising prospects.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ, the appearance of white crystalline powder, odorless and tasteless, stable properties. Its molecular formula C18H15O3P, molecular weight 310.28, soluble in acetone, DMF and other organic solvents, slightly soluble in water. Melting point is about 228 to 232 degrees Celsius, not easy to oxidize at room temperature, does not react with moisture in the air. Good thermal stability, slow decomposition in high temperature environment, generate phosphorus-containing active radicals, can inhibit combustion chain reaction. Mild chemical properties, strong compatibility with a variety of resins, not easy to occur side reactions. Store in a cool and dry place, can effectively prevent moisture agglomeration. When encountering strong oxidizing agents or strong acids and bases, attention should be paid to protection to prevent property changes or decomposition of harmful gases.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ, its chemical name is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-phosphonic acid-4,4 ′ -dihydroxydiphenyl ether, formula 368.25, white powder, light odor. Melting point 180 to 185 degrees Celsius, decomposition temperature up to 350 degrees, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and dimethylformamide. Phosphorus content is about 10%, and hydroxyl purity is excellent. Volatile content does not exceed 1%, moisture content is also less than 1%. Packaging multi-purpose paper drum, net weight 25 kg, sealed storage, placed in a cool dry place, moisture-proof and sun-proof. The goods have been tested in batches, and all have qualified numbers and production batch numbers. Quality Standards are subject to the agreement between the enterprise standard and the customer.
Preparation Method
Take 9,10-dihydro-9-oxygen-10-phosphonanthrene (DOPO) and hydroquinone (HQ) as raw materials, first dissolve DOPO and HQ in an appropriate amount of solvent according to a certain molar ratio, stir and mix slowly. Then add a catalyst such as triethylamine or phosphoric acid dropwise at a suitable temperature, and the temperature is controlled between 80 and 100 degrees to promote the nucleophilic addition reaction. The solution gradually turns from clear to cloudy, and the reaction has started. After several hours, white or light yellow products are precipitated, filtered centrifugally, and rinsed with pure water to obtain intermediates. Compound with vacuum drying, and finally obtain DOPO-HQ flame retardant. Its catalytic mechanism is that the catalyst activates the phosphorus atom of DOPO molecule, enhances the electrophilicity, makes hydroxy hydroquinone easy to attack, and forms phosphophenol-ether bonds. This method is simple in process, rich in yield, and the product is thermally stable. It is widely used for flame retardancy of polymer materials.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
DOPO-HQ, taken from 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenyl substituted hydroquinone. Its chemical properties are excellent, and it can participate in a variety of condensation and addition reactions. DOPO-HQ is introduced into the resin system, often pre-modified with epoxy groups or isocyanates, so that its phosphorus-oxygen structure is uniformly distributed in the polymer chain. During the reaction, DOPO hydroxyl groups interact with epoxy or isocyanate functional groups to form phosphorus-oxygen or phosphorus-nitrogen bonds, endowing the matrix with flame retardancy. The modified material, under high temperature environment, DOPO structure autocatalyzes dehydration and carbonization, promotes the formation of a dense carbon layer, and isolates heat sources and oxygen. And such products have both good mechanical properties and thermal stability. From this point of view, DOPO-HQ, with its unique chemical structure and diverse reaction methods, is an efficient choice for flame retardant modification of materials, and its uses are increasingly extensive.
Synonyms & Product Names
Synonyms are names and words, which are especially common in chemicals. For example, the flame retardant DOPO-HQ is not unique, but also called 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-yl-10-oxaphenanthrene quinone, DOPO-HQ flame retardant, 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-yl-hydroquinone, hydroxyquinolinyl DOPO, etc. The trade names are mixed, and the market may see DOPO-HQ Flame Retardant, HQ-DOPO, Mantamer HQ, DOPO-HQ FR, etc. Its use specializes in the flame retardancy of plastics, epoxy resins and polymer materials, so it is synonymous and has the same name. Although the chemical properties are the same, its aliases and trade names are changeable, and users must know in detail to distinguish the authenticity, choose what they need, and achieve the effect of the product. It means that synonyms and trade names coexist in one product.
Safety & Operational Standards
Those who comply with the safety and operation specifications of Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ products must carefully investigate their properties and understand their essence. The material is a flame retardant, white or off-white powder, which will be safe for long-term storage. In case of high temperature, it may be at risk of decomposition. Storage should be in a clean, dry and ventilated place to prevent high temperature exposure and moisture. Packaging should be tight and prevent leakage. It should not be stored and transported with flammable, explosive or strong oxides, and the law of isolation should be observed. When handling, it is necessary to wear suitable protective gear, such as chemical-resistant gloves, dust masks, and goggles, to prevent dust from contacting the skin and inhaling into the body.
When using, it should be moved slowly and gently. Do not throw and dump to avoid dust disturbance and damage to health. The workplace must be equipped with good ventilation equipment to ensure smooth air flow. If it accidentally touches the skin, rinse with clean water as soon as possible. If it does not heal for a long time, seek medical treatment as soon as possible. If dust enters the eye, wash it urgently with water for a few minutes and seek medical attention. If you inhale too much, move it to a fresh place with fresh air and rest. If you feel unwell, medical treatment is the top priority. Avoid eating and drinking in the operation room. After operation, you must wash your hands and then eat to avoid hidden dangers.
The memory must have anti-corrosion and anti-leakage properties, and the product logo should be affixed to prevent misuse and mixing. Do not apply violent collisions during handling to prevent the container from being damaged. The utensils should also be dedicated and should not be mixed with other things. Waste residues should be properly disposed of in accordance with national laws, and should not be dumped into the environment In case of emergency, all emergency rescue equipment must be displayed at hand, and personnel should be familiar with first aid procedures. In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry powder or extinguishing agent to extinguish it, and do not use water to rush directly.
When it is dangerous, prevent things before they happen, and follow the norms to be safe. Operating Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ, it is advisable to be cautious at all times and carefully review everything, so that your health can be guaranteed for a long time and accidents can be avoided forever.
When using, it should be moved slowly and gently. Do not throw and dump to avoid dust disturbance and damage to health. The workplace must be equipped with good ventilation equipment to ensure smooth air flow. If it accidentally touches the skin, rinse with clean water as soon as possible. If it does not heal for a long time, seek medical treatment as soon as possible. If dust enters the eye, wash it urgently with water for a few minutes and seek medical attention. If you inhale too much, move it to a fresh place with fresh air and rest. If you feel unwell, medical treatment is the top priority. Avoid eating and drinking in the operation room. After operation, you must wash your hands and then eat to avoid hidden dangers.
The memory must have anti-corrosion and anti-leakage properties, and the product logo should be affixed to prevent misuse and mixing. Do not apply violent collisions during handling to prevent the container from being damaged. The utensils should also be dedicated and should not be mixed with other things. Waste residues should be properly disposed of in accordance with national laws, and should not be dumped into the environment In case of emergency, all emergency rescue equipment must be displayed at hand, and personnel should be familiar with first aid procedures. In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry powder or extinguishing agent to extinguish it, and do not use water to rush directly.
When it is dangerous, prevent things before they happen, and follow the norms to be safe. Operating Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ, it is advisable to be cautious at all times and carefully review everything, so that your health can be guaranteed for a long time and accidents can be avoided forever.
Application Area
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is stable in nature and has outstanding flame retardant effect. It is widely used in polymer materials, electronic appliances, transportation, architectural coatings and many other fields. Chemical manufacturing appliances, which are added to epoxy resins, polycarbonate, nylon, etc., can significantly improve the fire resistance and heat resistance of materials. Electronic circuit boards, household appliance components, rely on this to give high safety and are not easy to ignite. Vehicles and ships, due to strict fire regulations, also use this to improve the flame retardancy of internal decoration materials. Building walls, interior coatings, mixed with DOPO-HQ to prevent the spread of burning disasters and ensure the safety of the people. And this material is low smoke and halogen-free, in line with environmental protection, and is widely respected by the industry. Therefore, aerospace, high-speed trains, and intelligent facilities all play this role, and all benefit from it.
Research & Development
Since the rise of science, fire prevention has received more and more attention, and scholars from all over the world are competing to explore it. DOPO-HQ, a new phosphorus flame retardant material, is composed of epoxy and phosphorus-containing organic structures, with excellent thermal stability and flame retardant performance. When initially manufactured, DOPO is used as the basis, superimposed phenol hydroxyl functional groups, and has high reactivity. It can be compatible with a variety of polymers and is widely used in epoxy resins and polymer materials. During the research and development process, various workers studied the synthesis route, tried various catalysis and optimized reaction conditions, and repeatedly changed the process, demanding both purity and yield. More detailed evaluation of its thermal decomposition mechanism and flame retardant properties shows that it can suppress smoke and reduce release, and improve material safety standards. After several years, DOPO-HQ has achieved outstanding performance and green environmental protection, initiating a new era of technological application, which is conducive to technological development and social peace.
Toxicity Research
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a newly developed flame retardant. It is stable in nature and is widely used in polymer materials. Recent scholars have used it for toxicity studies to investigate the safety of the human body and the environment. The experiment took mice as an example, and they were divided into high and low doses to observe their short-term and long-term responses. After several weeks of observation, no symptoms of acute poisoning were seen, and there were no abnormalities in body weight and behavior. Blood tests and major organ sections were also not significantly abnormal, so the safety of short-term exposure was good. However, under continuous exposure, there was a slight sign of mild damage to the liver and kidneys, inferring high doses, long-term effects or latent risk. Further analysis of its metabolites requires tracing its long-term effects on organisms. Overall, although DOPO-HQ is relatively safe for short-term use, long-term or high-dose exposure cannot ignore its toxicological risks and requires careful evaluation and use.
Future Prospects
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is also a new type of flame retardant material. Its stability and flame retardant effect are widely used in the fields of electronics and coatings. Looking at today's technology is changing with each passing day, new energy and intelligent manufacturing are in the ascendant, and the safety of materials is getting more and more attention. The need for DOPO-HQ will keep pace with the times. It is expected that in the future, through process innovation, its performance will be more perfect, and its green and environmental protection attributes will become more and more prominent. Strict regulations in countries around the world and environmental protection regulations have been introduced one after another. DOPO-HQ has infinite potential and will definitely be able to occupy the high-end market. If combined with nanotechnology and bio-based materials, it can broaden the application boundary and improve the flame retardant function. In the coming days, the industry will be upgraded, the market will change, and DOPO-HQ will take advantage of the trend to become a leader in flame retardant technology, leading industry innovation, and benefiting the foundation of human life.
Where to Buy Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ in China?
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Whether you need industrial-grade quantities or specialized customizations, our team ensures reliability at every stage—from initial specification to post-delivery support.
As a leading Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.
What are the main application fields of Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ?
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a new polymer material in the chemical industry with good flame retardant properties. Its white powder is easily dispersed in a variety of substrates. Today, its main application fields are as follows:
First, the electronic and electrical industry. Widely used in circuit boards, connectors, insulating materials, etc., it can inhibit the spread of fire and delay the deterioration of materials at high temperatures. Because electronic components are often in high temperature and high voltage environments, high safety protection is required. DOPO-HQ has stable characteristics, low smoke content during combustion, and the benefits of halogen-free environmental protection.
Second, transportation materials. Today's aircraft, automobiles, rail vehicles and ships have lightweight structures, and composites are gradually being reused. However, its flammability is high, and a little carelessness will cause disaster. DOPO-HQ has become an ideal flame retardant because of its excellent flame retardant performance and little impact on mechanical properties. Composite materials and resins are added to greatly improve the overall safety standards.
Third, the construction industry. Modern building decoration interior and exterior walls, curtain wall panels, thermal insulation materials, and more polymer composites are used to prevent fires. DOPO-HQ has high flame retardant function, coupled with the properties of halogen-free and low toxic smoke, suitable for public places, residential buildings, subway stations and other places where fire protection is extremely harsh, adding a layer of protection for building safety.
Fourth, the field of communication equipment and information technology. 5G base stations, data centers, server shells, etc., all need high temperature resistance and flame retardant materials to prevent equipment from overheating and causing accidents. DOPO-HQ has excellent dispersibility, anti-dissolution, and blocks flames without hindering the normal operation of equipment, which is relied on by high-tech industries.
Fifth, the field of environmentally friendly polymer materials. Today's people emphasize green and sustainable development. DOPO-HQ is halogen-free, low-smoke, and does not release harmful gases. It is in line with contemporary environmental protection methods and can improve the flame retardant grade of polymer materials. It is widely used in the research of new materials such as biodegradable plastics and green composites.
In short, DOPO-HQ has become an important member of flame retardants due to its unique chemical structure. It covers a wide range of fields, including electronics, electrical appliances, transportation, construction, communications, environmental protection, etc. It has excellent material properties and promising commercial prospects. It is a weapon of modern polymer technology and is sufficient to meet the challenges of higher safety standards in the future.
First, the electronic and electrical industry. Widely used in circuit boards, connectors, insulating materials, etc., it can inhibit the spread of fire and delay the deterioration of materials at high temperatures. Because electronic components are often in high temperature and high voltage environments, high safety protection is required. DOPO-HQ has stable characteristics, low smoke content during combustion, and the benefits of halogen-free environmental protection.
Second, transportation materials. Today's aircraft, automobiles, rail vehicles and ships have lightweight structures, and composites are gradually being reused. However, its flammability is high, and a little carelessness will cause disaster. DOPO-HQ has become an ideal flame retardant because of its excellent flame retardant performance and little impact on mechanical properties. Composite materials and resins are added to greatly improve the overall safety standards.
Third, the construction industry. Modern building decoration interior and exterior walls, curtain wall panels, thermal insulation materials, and more polymer composites are used to prevent fires. DOPO-HQ has high flame retardant function, coupled with the properties of halogen-free and low toxic smoke, suitable for public places, residential buildings, subway stations and other places where fire protection is extremely harsh, adding a layer of protection for building safety.
Fourth, the field of communication equipment and information technology. 5G base stations, data centers, server shells, etc., all need high temperature resistance and flame retardant materials to prevent equipment from overheating and causing accidents. DOPO-HQ has excellent dispersibility, anti-dissolution, and blocks flames without hindering the normal operation of equipment, which is relied on by high-tech industries.
Fifth, the field of environmentally friendly polymer materials. Today's people emphasize green and sustainable development. DOPO-HQ is halogen-free, low-smoke, and does not release harmful gases. It is in line with contemporary environmental protection methods and can improve the flame retardant grade of polymer materials. It is widely used in the research of new materials such as biodegradable plastics and green composites.
In short, DOPO-HQ has become an important member of flame retardants due to its unique chemical structure. It covers a wide range of fields, including electronics, electrical appliances, transportation, construction, communications, environmental protection, etc. It has excellent material properties and promising commercial prospects. It is a weapon of modern polymer technology and is sufficient to meet the challenges of higher safety standards in the future.
How effective is the Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ?
DOPO-HQ, whose chemical name is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-ylhydroxyquinoline, is a phosphine-based phosphorus-containing flame retardant, which is the flame retardant of modern polymer materials. This agent has both phosphorus and oxygen in its structure, and also has a rigid aromatic ring to improve its thermal stability. Its flame retardant principle has two principles: first, it decomposes and releases phosphoric acid derivatives, forming a coking layer with the polymer surface, blocking the heat source and reducing the escape of flammable gas, so the combustion process is delayed; second, it traps free radicals in the gas phase and inhibits the combustion chain reaction. This shows that its flame retardant mechanism has both a solid phase shield and a gas phase extinguishment.
According to the experiment, DOPO-HQ is used in epoxy resins, polycarbonates, polyesters and other polymer systems, which can greatly improve the LOI (limiting oxygen index) and UL-94 vertical combustion grade of the material, and can be upgraded from the original spontaneous combustion to V-0 level. When its addition ratio is appropriate, the smoke density decreases during combustion, and the generation of toxic gases is also less, which is better than traditional halogen-containing flame retardants. And its hydroxyl structure is conducive to covalent bonding with the polymer backbone, effectively reducing precipitation and enhancing flame retardant durability. If used in combination with other additives, such as nitrogen-based and silicon-based compounds, its synergistic effect is more and more outstanding, and the flame retardant efficiency is more superior.
However, it also has shortcomings. If too much is added, or the original mechanical properties and transparency of the material are affected, the proportion of addition must be weighed. However, from the overall perspective, DOPO-HQ has remarkable flame retardant properties and is actually the best choice for the safe application of polymer materials. In order to meet the needs of today's technological development, DOPO-HQ has gradually replaced the traditional halogen flame retardant method with the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection, and occupies a place in the field of flame retardancy. When it comes to flame retardant efficacy, it is unique to its peers.
According to the experiment, DOPO-HQ is used in epoxy resins, polycarbonates, polyesters and other polymer systems, which can greatly improve the LOI (limiting oxygen index) and UL-94 vertical combustion grade of the material, and can be upgraded from the original spontaneous combustion to V-0 level. When its addition ratio is appropriate, the smoke density decreases during combustion, and the generation of toxic gases is also less, which is better than traditional halogen-containing flame retardants. And its hydroxyl structure is conducive to covalent bonding with the polymer backbone, effectively reducing precipitation and enhancing flame retardant durability. If used in combination with other additives, such as nitrogen-based and silicon-based compounds, its synergistic effect is more and more outstanding, and the flame retardant efficiency is more superior.
However, it also has shortcomings. If too much is added, or the original mechanical properties and transparency of the material are affected, the proportion of addition must be weighed. However, from the overall perspective, DOPO-HQ has remarkable flame retardant properties and is actually the best choice for the safe application of polymer materials. In order to meet the needs of today's technological development, DOPO-HQ has gradually replaced the traditional halogen flame retardant method with the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection, and occupies a place in the field of flame retardancy. When it comes to flame retardant efficacy, it is unique to its peers.
How do I add the Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ?
Answer: Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is based on nonazophosphine and supplemented by p-hydroxyphenol, which has excellent flame retardant properties. The method of adding it depends on the resin system and processing technology. There are slight differences, but the general steps can be followed as follows.
First select the material used, whether epoxy resin, polyester, polyamide or other polymer matrix, to ensure cleanliness. Measure the required DOPO-HQ and weigh the amount added, usually with a formula ratio of 1% to 10%. Too much may damage the mechanical properties of the material, and too little will be insufficient flame retardant. Taking the solvent method as an example, DOPO-HQ can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent such as acetone, N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirred evenly. If the matrix used can be melted, DOPO-HQ can also be mixed directly at high temperature and stirred continuously to make it evenly distributed. After complete mixing, follow-up processes such as pouring, curing, hot pressing, and extrusion should be carried out according to actual needs. If other flame retardants or synergistic agents need to be compounded, they should be put in together at the beginning of mixing. During processing, when the temperature is controlled in a suitable range to prevent DOPO-HQ from decomposing or volatilizing, affecting the flame retardant efficacy.
In case of composite materials such as nano-fillers and fiber reinforcement, DOPO-HQ can be surface treated in advance to enhance its compatibility with the matrix. Mixing evenly often affects the ultimate material properties, so physical measures such as ultrasonic vibration and high shear emulsification can be supplemented. After completion, tests such as thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, and vertical combustion are required to confirm that its flame retardancy meets the process standards. If the performance is not as expected, you can try to fine-tune the amount of addition, or change the mixing sequence and process parameters.
In short, the addition of DOPO-HQ focuses on metering fine cooling, complete mixing, and strict process control. Ultimately, it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy of materials and take into account mechanical properties. All these methods have been adopted by current processes and are effective.
First select the material used, whether epoxy resin, polyester, polyamide or other polymer matrix, to ensure cleanliness. Measure the required DOPO-HQ and weigh the amount added, usually with a formula ratio of 1% to 10%. Too much may damage the mechanical properties of the material, and too little will be insufficient flame retardant. Taking the solvent method as an example, DOPO-HQ can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent such as acetone, N, N-dimethylformamide, and stirred evenly. If the matrix used can be melted, DOPO-HQ can also be mixed directly at high temperature and stirred continuously to make it evenly distributed. After complete mixing, follow-up processes such as pouring, curing, hot pressing, and extrusion should be carried out according to actual needs. If other flame retardants or synergistic agents need to be compounded, they should be put in together at the beginning of mixing. During processing, when the temperature is controlled in a suitable range to prevent DOPO-HQ from decomposing or volatilizing, affecting the flame retardant efficacy.
In case of composite materials such as nano-fillers and fiber reinforcement, DOPO-HQ can be surface treated in advance to enhance its compatibility with the matrix. Mixing evenly often affects the ultimate material properties, so physical measures such as ultrasonic vibration and high shear emulsification can be supplemented. After completion, tests such as thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, and vertical combustion are required to confirm that its flame retardancy meets the process standards. If the performance is not as expected, you can try to fine-tune the amount of addition, or change the mixing sequence and process parameters.
In short, the addition of DOPO-HQ focuses on metering fine cooling, complete mixing, and strict process control. Ultimately, it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy of materials and take into account mechanical properties. All these methods have been adopted by current processes and are effective.
Does the Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ meet environmental and safety standards?
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a highly effective flame retardant created by modern chemistry, with both phosphorus compounds and aromatic groups. Its function is remarkable, and it is often applied to polymer materials to enhance its fire resistance. However, if it meets the standards of environmental protection and safety, it is necessary to carefully examine its raw materials, synthesis, application and final disposal.
Looking at its structure, it contains 1,3,2-dioxazophosphorus (DOPO) and hydroquinone (HQ) groups. The synthesis process strictly follows modern industrial norms, the reaction conditions are mild, there are few by-products, and there are few harmful gases. Neither European REACH nor American EPA has listed it as a high concern, which shows that its impact on the environment is low. In addition, its flame retardant efficiency is high and the amount added is small, so it accounts for a limited proportion in the product, which greatly reduces the environmental burden when it is discarded.
As for biotoxicology, the available data show that DOPO-HQ has very low toxicity to mammals and has no teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic reactions. However, under extremely high doses of exposure, there is still a risk of physiological discomfort, so it is recommended to wear protective equipment in industrial operations and abide by safety regulations. Its decomposition products are cleaner than traditional bromine flame retardants, and have no highly toxic pollutants such as dioxins, which can be described as progress.
A number of environmental certifications such as the European RoHS Directive and China's Ten Ring Certification have approved its application in many fields such as electronics and electrical. And because it has no long-lasting cumulative effect on environmental water bodies and soils, it is not easy to bioaccumulate and will not harm the ecological chain. However, science is changing with each passing day, and follow-up inferences still need to be monitored and corroborated. It is still impossible to determine that there will be no hidden dangers.
In summary, Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a suitable flame retardant material under today's environmental protection and safety standards. However, it is necessary to cultivate morality and practice caution, and advocate cautious use. On the basis of ensuring the safety of production and application, it can only recognize its advantages and avoid its disadvantages. In this way, science will thrive, the environment will be sustainable, and human society will depend on it for security.
Looking at its structure, it contains 1,3,2-dioxazophosphorus (DOPO) and hydroquinone (HQ) groups. The synthesis process strictly follows modern industrial norms, the reaction conditions are mild, there are few by-products, and there are few harmful gases. Neither European REACH nor American EPA has listed it as a high concern, which shows that its impact on the environment is low. In addition, its flame retardant efficiency is high and the amount added is small, so it accounts for a limited proportion in the product, which greatly reduces the environmental burden when it is discarded.
As for biotoxicology, the available data show that DOPO-HQ has very low toxicity to mammals and has no teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic reactions. However, under extremely high doses of exposure, there is still a risk of physiological discomfort, so it is recommended to wear protective equipment in industrial operations and abide by safety regulations. Its decomposition products are cleaner than traditional bromine flame retardants, and have no highly toxic pollutants such as dioxins, which can be described as progress.
A number of environmental certifications such as the European RoHS Directive and China's Ten Ring Certification have approved its application in many fields such as electronics and electrical. And because it has no long-lasting cumulative effect on environmental water bodies and soils, it is not easy to bioaccumulate and will not harm the ecological chain. However, science is changing with each passing day, and follow-up inferences still need to be monitored and corroborated. It is still impossible to determine that there will be no hidden dangers.
In summary, Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a suitable flame retardant material under today's environmental protection and safety standards. However, it is necessary to cultivate morality and practice caution, and advocate cautious use. On the basis of ensuring the safety of production and application, it can only recognize its advantages and avoid its disadvantages. In this way, science will thrive, the environment will be sustainable, and human society will depend on it for security.
What is the typical dosage of Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ?
Flame Retardant DOPO-HQ is a modern flame retardant. It is widely used in epoxy resins, polyurethane and other polymer materials. The dosage depends on the type of material, performance requirements and the application field of the final product. Chemical engineers often use experience and refer to relevant experimental data to determine the optimum dosage. In epoxy resin systems, if you want to achieve both excellent flame retardant, mechanical and electrical properties, the commonly used dosage of DOPO-HQ accounts for about 3% to 10% of the total resin mass. If the flame retardant requirements are higher, it can be increased to 12%, provided that the material processing fluidity and mechanical properties change. In polyurethane or other polymer systems, the amount used can rise or fall according to actual demand, and the typical range is also close to 3% to 10%. Depending on the application performance, it must meet UL-94 V-0 or other flame retardant grades.
During the process, if the amount of DOPO-HQ is too small, the flame retardant effect is not ideal, and the product is vulnerable to heat, open flame or arc damage; if the amount is too much, the material may lose brightness, toughness and tensile strength will often decrease, and the processing of the product may be blocked. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the overall performance as a trade-off. In the current material science community, there is also a synergistic flame retardant technology, that is, DOPO-HQ is used with nitrogen, silicon and other elemental flame retardants, which can not only reduce the amount of a single flame retardant, but also significantly improve the comprehensive performance. When preparing, craftsmen mostly use mixing or pre-reaction methods to fully disperse DOPO-HQ to ensure that the flame retardant effect is fully exerted.
Regarding the test method, vertical combustion, oxygen index and cone calorimetry are used to determine whether the amount of flame retardant is optimal. Ultimately, it is important to achieve material safety and performance, so the typical dosage should refer to the above range, and should also be adjusted according to product specifications and application fields. During the preparation and testing process, attention is paid to experimental reproducibility and accurate data, which is the foundation for the achievement of high-quality flame retardant materials.
During the process, if the amount of DOPO-HQ is too small, the flame retardant effect is not ideal, and the product is vulnerable to heat, open flame or arc damage; if the amount is too much, the material may lose brightness, toughness and tensile strength will often decrease, and the processing of the product may be blocked. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the overall performance as a trade-off. In the current material science community, there is also a synergistic flame retardant technology, that is, DOPO-HQ is used with nitrogen, silicon and other elemental flame retardants, which can not only reduce the amount of a single flame retardant, but also significantly improve the comprehensive performance. When preparing, craftsmen mostly use mixing or pre-reaction methods to fully disperse DOPO-HQ to ensure that the flame retardant effect is fully exerted.
Regarding the test method, vertical combustion, oxygen index and cone calorimetry are used to determine whether the amount of flame retardant is optimal. Ultimately, it is important to achieve material safety and performance, so the typical dosage should refer to the above range, and should also be adjusted according to product specifications and application fields. During the preparation and testing process, attention is paid to experimental reproducibility and accurate data, which is the foundation for the achievement of high-quality flame retardant materials.
