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What are the main ingredients of Flame Retardant for Elastomer?
Inflammable and refractory technology is much needed in today's industry. It is especially important for those who use elastomers. Elastomers, which are flexible in physical properties, are widely used in chemical products. However, they are known to be flammable and easy to delay in case of fire, so flame retardant agents must be given. Flame retardant methods are multi-end in ancient and modern times, and now the ingredients are strictly studied by scientific methods. There are several types of flame retardants used, which can be divided into halogen-based, inorganic, phosphorus-based, and nitrogen-based categories. The main ingredients are described in detail as follows.
Halogen-based flame retardants are based on halogen compounds such as bromine and chlorine. Its combination mechanism, when burned by heat, halogens are released, inhibiting the reaction of free radicals, cutting off the chain reaction of flames, and then inhibiting the combustion. Commonly used such as decabromodiphenyl ether, hexabromocyclododecane, chlorinated paraffin wax and so on. However, when halogen flame retardants burn or produce smoke and corrosive gases, environmental concerns, and there is a trend of substitution in the near future.
Inorganic flame retardants are first aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Its characteristic is that it absorbs heat when decomposing, releases water, cools the body and dilutes the combustion gas, thereby effectively slowing down the combustion speed, and is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. In addition, antimony trioxide is also common, and its effectiveness is better when combined with halogen flame retardants.
Phosphorus-based flame retardants are mainly organic phosphorus or inorganic phosphorus compounds. Organic phosphorus such as phosphate esters, inorganic such as red phosphorus and ammonium phosphate salts. Its mechanism is not only to isolate oxygen, but also to form a carbonized layer at high temperature, which blocks the invasion of heat sources and has the effect of self-extinguishing.
Nitrogen-based flame retardants such as melamine salts are inert and help the raw material to form a foam carbonized layer to prevent the spread of flames.
To sum up, elastomer flame retardants are mostly halogen-based, phosphorus-based, and inorganic flame retardants as the main components, or used alone, or combined and applied. The trade-off depends on environmental protection, performance, and economy. It is an elastomer flame retardant product that relies on scientific proportions to ensure both flexibility and safety, and to resist fire.
Does Flame Retardant for Elastomer Affect the Physical Properties of Elastomers?
Elastomers are flexible, flexible and flexible, and are widely used in the fields of electromechanical, transportation and construction. They have long been respected for their adaptability to changing environments. However, the world is changing, and fires are frequent, so there are flame retardants designed to prevent flame and flame, and the user is safe. However, when flame retardants are added to elastomers, how can they not involve their physical properties?
Cover flame retardants, which have different properties, or are inorganic powders, such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or organic halogenated compounds. Its particles are mixed into the elastomer matrix, which can not only expand its flame retardant properties, but also affect its inherent physical properties. Cover elastomers are originally cross-linked by polymer chains, giving excellent stretching, rebound and aging resistance. If the content of the flame retardant is too high, the interaction between the polymers will be blocked, and the activity of the chain segment will be limited, which is due to the loss of the softness and ductility of the elastomer.
There are also few flame retardants that are compatible with the matrix. If the dispersion is uneven, it is bounded everywhere, or the stress is concentrated, and the structure is weakened, the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength will decrease sharply. From a microscopic perspective, if the flame retardant particles are large and rude, the cohesion will be strong, otherwise the interface bonding will not be good, which will affect the long-lasting fatigue resistance and crack resistance of the elastomer. And if the flame retardant is added blindly, it can also increase the density of the material, affecting its lightweight. Such as silicone rubber, polyurethane, ethylene propylene rubber, etc., high filling amount of flame retardants have a significant impact.
However, due to the progress of science and technology, the development of flame retardants has become more and more sophisticated, or through surface modification, the polarity of the elastomer is close to that of the elastomer, enhancing the bonding and reducing the attenuation of physical properties. Or the development of nanoscale particles to improve the dispersibility, which not only maintains the flame retardant benefits, but also reduces the performance. If the ratio is appropriate, it can also take into account the needs of flame retardant and physical properties.
In short, the impact of flame retardants on the physical properties of elastomers cannot be ignored. It is necessary to choose the agent according to the material and carefully adjust it to make it both safe and practical.
What types of elastomer materials is Flame Retardant for Elastomer suitable for?
Flame retardants are one of the great uses of modern technologies to cope with the risk of combustion of various elastomeric materials. Elastomers are soft and flexible, can be deformed under pressure, and return to their original state after release. There are many categories, which can be divided into natural and synthetic. Natural types are authentic rubber, and synthetic types are even more famous, including styrene-butadiene rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, EPDM rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, and silicone rubber, fluororubber, and polyurethane elastomers.
The application of flame retardants depends on the chemical composition of the elastomer. Natural rubber, which is difficult to combine water and fire, is flammable. After applying flame retardants, it can slow down the burning and increase its safety. As for butylbenzene, cis-butyl, isoamyl, and EPDM rubbers, they are all hydrocarbons, colloidal pores, and prone to flames. Neoprene rubber is inherently halogen and has its own flame retardant ability, but it can still be added to strengthen it. Silicone rubber and fluororubber are strong in their main chain and have high heat resistance. The application of flame retardants is even higher. Polyurethane elastomers have complex structures and are easy to decompose in case of fire. They must also be used.
Contemporary flame retardants are inorganic and organic. Inorganic types include aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, which are applied to most elastomers and are stable and warm. Halogen organic flame retardants are suitable for use with EPDM, nitrile, styrene-butadiene, and natural rubber, provided that environmental protection is taken into account. Red phosphorus and phosphorus-based compounds can also play a role in a variety of elastomers.
It is necessary that all commonly used elastomers can be accompanied by flame retardants as needed; flame retardant effect, mechanical properties, and process adaptation must be taken into account, and suitable materials can be applied to obtain the best use. Physical addition, chemical grafting, each has a good method, and craftsmen choose the best. Therefore, the fire safety protection of flame retardants for elastomer materials is a key measure, and it should be widely used in many elastomers.
What is the usual amount of Flame Retardant for Elastomer?
The amount of anti-inflammatory agent applied to elastomers is mostly customized, depending on the nature of the raw materials and the use, the required amount is also different. There are many kinds of elastomers, either natural rubber or synthetic rubber, such as styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, neoprene rubber, etc. Their properties are different, and the anti-inflammatory agent is adjusted accordingly. Generally speaking, the amount of anti-inflammatory agent added is about 10 to 30% of the polymer mass. If higher flame retardant properties are required, there are more than 30, and even up to 50%. At this time, the common mechanical properties are damaged, and the original excellent properties of the elastomer are weakened. To balance flame retardancy and mechanics, it is necessary to choose their balance, carefully observe the formula, and weigh the trade-off.
There are many kinds of anti-inflammatory agents, or they are organic compounds, such as phosphorus series, nitrogen series, or inorganic salts, such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The amount of inorganic anti-inflammatory agents is relatively large, usually more than 20%, while the amount of organic anti-inflammatory agents is slightly reduced, and the desired flame retardant effect can be achieved by more than ten percentage points. However, factors such as compatibility, dispersion, and influence on vulcanization are all important aspects of formula science. Adding too much can not only reduce the flexibility of the material, but also make the processing flow not smooth, and even affect the appearance and odor. If the synergist is used to improve the flame retardant effect, the amount of addition can be reduced to improve the comprehensive performance. In today's industry, there are still high-tech processes such as nanomaterials and microcapsules to enhance material properties and achieve low additive and high flame retardant effects. The application of anti-inflammatory agents needs to be evaluated by multiple parties according to specific materials, applications, flame retardant grades and regulatory requirements, and cost considerations. The amount is determined to ensure that the performance, cost and safety are all appropriate.
In short, the dosage of anti-inflammatory agents is roughly 10 to 30% of the mass of elastomers. The national standards, industry guidelines and measured data should be checked in detail. Relevant experiments are indispensable to ensure that the product meets the flame retardant standard without compromising its essence, so as to achieve the best policy.
Does Flame Retardant for Elastomer meet environmental and safety standards?
Flame Retardant is an additive used in synthetic rubber compounds. It is designed to improve the flame resistance of materials and reduce the hazard in the event of fire. Today, environmental protection and safety standards shall prevail, and there are several points that must be investigated in detail when considering its compliance.
There are many types of such flame retardants, common ones are halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen and inorganic. Halogen flame retardants were popular in the past, but they are easy to release toxic fumes when burned, and even persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls, which violate today's requirements for ecological health. After the revision of environmental protection agreements in Europe and the United States, the use of such substances in products has been gradually banned or restricted. Phosphorus, nitrogen and inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc., because they are halogen-free and mild in nature, do not generate a large amount of harmful gases during combustion, and are less harmful to the environment and health. It conforms to the general trend of the development of green materials.
To meet safety standards, flame retardants must comply with ISO, ASTM and relevant laws and regulations of various countries. Especially in European Union laws such as RoHS, REACH, EN71, which have strict limits on harmful substances. If the composition and addition of flame retardants can meet the above limits, they will not become a source of pollution during the whole life cycle of the product process, use, and disposal, nor will they be harmful to human health. It can be said to meet safety standards. Emerging green flame retardants such as bio-based phosphate esters, hydrated materials and nano-flame retardants are actively promoting to deal with indirect or cumulative harm to human body and ecology, and to increase the safety threshold.
In summary, Flame Retardant is used in Elastomer, but if its variety, dosage and ratio follow the established international and domestic environmental protection and safety standards, and pass the test of harmful substances in actual testing, it can be judged to meet today's environmental protection and safety requirements. However, companies and developers choose materials according to regulations, continuously optimize technologies, and pay attention to life cycle management, which are all indispensable ways to achieve a high level of environmental protection and safety.