Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant

Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant

    Specifications
    HS Code 970978
    Chemical Formula Varies depending on specific type
    Physical State Can be liquid or solid
    Color Typically colorless to pale yellow
    Odor Usually low - odor or odorless
    Solubility Soluble in some organic solvents
    Thermal Stability Good thermal stability
    Flame Retardant Mechanism Acts through gas - phase and condensed - phase reactions
    Viscosity Varies; can be low - to - high viscosity
    Density Varies with specific compound
    Hydrolytic Stability Moderate to high hydrolytic stability in some cases

    As an accredited Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing 5 - kg packs of Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant in sturdy plastic - sealed containers.
    Storage **Storage of Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant** Phosphate ester flame retardant should be stored in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated area. Keep it away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight to prevent decomposition or ignition risks. Store in tightly - sealed containers to avoid moisture absorption, which could affect its chemical properties and flame - retardant efficiency.
    Shipping Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant is shipped in well - sealed containers, compliant with hazardous chemical regulations. Special care is taken to prevent leakage during transit, ensuring safe transportation to the destination.
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    Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant
    General Information
    Historical Development
    Phosphate flame retardants can be traced back to the early 20th century. In the old days, humans knew the great harm of fire, but the flame resistance of materials was not perfect. Years have passed, science and technology have flourished, and European scholars pioneered phosphate-based, abandoning traditional halogen compounds to add fire resistance. Later generations of craftsmen have repeatedly experimented in synthetic resins, fibers and coatings according to the times. In case of high temperature, its phosphorus precipitates, charcoal forms a film, chokes off oxygen, and fires self-subside. Up to now, the concept of environmental protection has deepened, and phosphate products have been changing day by day, with more and more excellent performance. They are widely used in aviation, construction, cables and many other fields. Looking back over a hundred years, phosphate flame retardant technology not only inherits traditional wisdom, but also integrates modern technology, and the key to fire prevention for finished materials.
    Product Overview
    Phosphate flame retardant is made of phosphoric acid as the main body and combined with a variety of organic groups. Its properties are mostly light yellow or colorless transparent liquid, with slight odor, low toxicity and stable performance. Used in polymer materials, plastics, coatings and rubbers, it can significantly improve the characteristics of flame resistance, smoke suppression and drop reduction. It inhibits the spread of flame and slows down the spread of fire. It is especially good at releasing phosphorous free radicals during thermal decomposition to form a carbon layer and block the supply of oxygen. It has the effect of plasticizing and does not change the mechanical properties of products. It has good compatibility with various polymers, uniform distribution, long-lasting effect, and is widely used in electronics, electrical appliances, building materials, automobiles and other industries. It not only meets the needs of environmental protection, but also helps fire safety, and is the preferred material in the field of flame retardancy in the new century.
    Physical & Chemical Properties
    Phosphate flame retardant, the properties are mostly liquid, or light-colored and transparent, and the smell is slightly different. Its density is higher than that of water, and it is soluble in a variety of organic solvents, but insoluble in water. The boiling point is quite high, the volatilization is slow, and the thermal stability is good. Its molecular structure contains phosphorus, which decomposes when heated, releases phosphoric acid and related gases, which can promote carbonization and inhibit the spread of flame. It is not easy to ignite when heated, and has the effect of fire resistance. It is also low-toxic and low-smoke, and is widely used. Light-resistant, heat-resistant, stable chemical properties, and rarely reacts with other polymer materials. It is evenly dispersed in polymers, does not change the true color of the product, and does not affect its mechanical properties. In case of strong oxidizing agents or strong acids, it can be decomposed, and it
    Technical Specifications & Labeling
    This phosphate ester flame retardant has the properties of colorless or light yellow transparent liquid, slight odor, soluble in most organic solvents, insoluble in water. The molecular formula varies according to the variety used, and the commonly used ones are such as C9H21O4P. Its phosphorus content percentage is about 8% -10%, the refractive index (20 ° C) is between 425-1.435, the specific gravity (25 ° C) is about 1.17-1, and the viscosity is 30-45mPa · s. The initial distillation point is as high as 240 ° C, with excellent thermal stability, high temperature resistance, and not easy to evaporate. The goods are mostly sealed and packaged in 200kg iron drums, marked with the production batch number, specifications and factory date, and stored in a cool and dry place. In line with national standards such as GB/T 27660-2011, the packaging is marked with "Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant" in both Chinese and English, and the warning logo is pasted according to the United Nations Hazardous Chemicals Coding Specification.
    Preparation Method
    The phosphate ester flame retardant is prepared by taking phosphoric acid or its esters as raw materials, supplemented by phenol and alcohol, and an appropriate amount of organic solvent. At first, the phosphate ester is slowly mixed with alcohol and phenol, and the temperature gradually rises. An appropriate amount of catalyst such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or triethylamine is placed in it to stimulate nucleophilic substitution reaction. In the reaction, the phosphoryl group is combined with the hydroxyl group, and then the water is released. It must be held under the reflux condenser to transfer water at temperature to promote the formation efficiency. The mechanism is that the catalyst activates the hydroxyl group, making it easy to form covalent bonds with the phosphoryl group to form a phosphate triester or phosphate diester product. When the reaction is complete, neutralize the residual catalyst with a base, filter it with suction, and concentrate it under reduced pressure, and finally obtain a color
    Chemical Reactions & Modifications
    Phosphate flame retardant, with mild and effective properties, is widely used in the fire protection of polymer materials. It contains phosphorus in its molecules, and when heated, phosphate ions are released, which can break the polymer chain, form a carbon layer, isolate oxygen, and block combustion. Or by copolymerization, grafting, etc., dissolved in the resin system to enhance compatibility. It can also be used by physical means such as microwave radiation and ultrasound to promote uniform dispersion in the matrix, improving flame retardancy and heat resistance. If hydroxyl, chlorine, silicon and other functional groups are introduced into the molecular structure, stronger chemical bonds can be formed with the matrix, taking into account mechanical strength and flame retardant effect. Or nanoparticles can cooperate to improve its migration and precipitation phenomenon. With this modification, phosphate flame retardants exhibit excellent flame retardancy and stability in polyolefins, epoxy resins, and are widely respected by industry and academia.
    Synonyms & Product Names
    Phosphate ester flame retardants refer to fire retardant materials based on phosphate esters. Its synonyms, or phosphate ester flame retardants, are also called phosphate ester fire retardants and phosphate ester flame retardants; if remembered in foreign languages, Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant is its general name, and it is also known as Phosphate Flame Retardant and Phosphoric Acid Ester Flame Retardant. The trade names are changeable, such as CR-505, Fyrolflex, Disflamoll or ADEKA, etc., are all available in the market. Although there are many products, the names are different, but they are actually the same origin. They are all used in the flame retardancy of plastics, coatings and fibers to ensure that the products are not easy to burn and are widely respected by the industry. It has excellent performance and the benefits of low smoke and environmental protection. It has been widely used over the years and has made great achievements in the field of fire safety.
    Safety & Operational Standards
    Phosphate flame retardant, with complex properties, is used for material fire protection, which is necessary for modern technology. Therefore, between storage and transportation, it is especially necessary to observe safety and specifications. Many of its materials are flammable, and they must be stored in a ventilated and dry place, sealed away from light, and away from fire and heat sources. When handling, wear special gloves, goggles and work clothes to prevent them from leaking to the skin or eroding the eyes. In case of leakage, cover it with an inert adsorbent to prevent the spread. Then properly collect it in a special airtight vessel. It should not be abandoned in the natural environment and should not be burned at will.
    When operating, it must be ventilated at all times, not near open flames and high temperatures, and the appliances must be grounded to prevent the harm caused by the accumulation of static electricity. Open the bucket and unseal it, and use special tools to prevent splashing. If you accidentally touch the skin, rinse it with flowing water immediately. If it still does not heal for a long time, seek medical attention immediately. If you inhale its gas, you should move it to a place with fresh air. If the symptoms are severe, you should also receive medical treatment in time. When combining with other materials, check the compatibility first. Do not mix with strong oxidants or strong acids, for fear of chemical reactions.
    After work, wash your hands and face. If the clothes are contaminated, you should change your clothes immediately. The containers used are cleaned by dedicated personnel, and the residual waste liquid is discarded in accordance with environmental protection laws. Set fire equipment nearby, such as dry powder and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, to prevent problems before they occur. Each phase of point inspection can be used without damage. Regular practice of safety education, improve emergency plans, in order to prevent change. With this specification, we can ensure that people and equipment are safe, long-term use of extension materials, into the prosperity of technology.
    Application Area
    Phosphate flame retardant is also an important product in the research of chemical industry. Its performance is excellent, heat resistance is strong, and it is easy to dissolve with many polymer materials. It is widely used in many materials such as plastics, rubber, coatings and fibers to increase its self-extinguishing and fire protection. It is suitable for a wide range of applications in building materials such as plates, walls, carpets, electronic circuit boards, wires and cables, automobile interiors, aircraft components, and household appliances, etc., to prevent prolonged burning and improve safety. And it has the effect of plasticizing, aging resistance and improving process rheology, especially relied on by modern polymer engineering. Since the revolution, the regulations of various countries have become increasingly strict, and phosphate flame retardants have become increasingly important. They are irreplaceable in industrial production and public safety.
    Research & Development
    Phosphate flame retardant is a new innovation in modern technology. Its stability, excellent heat resistance, is widely used in plastics, fibers and coatings, especially in the electronics and construction industries. Since its inception, the team has worked together to explore its molecular structure, analyze its reaction mechanism, and strive to improve the efficiency of flame retardant and reduce environmental hazards. Scholars may improve the synthesis path, select green raw materials, or introduce new functional groups, so that it has both high-efficiency flame retardant and environmental protection properties. Today's research is increasingly in the direction of nanoscale and multi-functional composites, striving for lightweight and strong materials, flame retardant and long-term effect. However, formula optimization, sustainable development and large-scale industrialization are still the targets for future research and development. It is based on the research and development of phosphate flame retardants, step by step, continuous innovation, and promising future.
    Toxicity Research
    Phosphate flame retardants are widely used in various polymer materials and are famous for their good flame retardant properties. However, recent studies have shown that their toxicity in the environment and human body cannot be ignored. Phosphate flame retardants are easily released in water and air, and then migrate, accumulate in organisms, and affect physiological functions for a long time. Animal experiments have shown that excessive intake of phosphate esters may cause damage to liver and kidney function, imbalance in endocrine regulation, and impact on development and reproduction. There are also data confirming that some phosphate metabolites can disrupt the nervous system and increase the risk of abnormal behavior. Those with high environmental persistence are difficult to degrade, pollute water and soil, and endanger ecological peace. In the laboratory, it is advisable to follow the path of environmental protection substitution, and carefully evaluate its toxic mechanism and exposure level, so as to take into account industrial development and health and safety.
    Future Prospects
    Phosphate flame retardant is a new material reused in the industry. It has excellent performance, both flame retardant and environmental protection, and is suitable for a variety of polymer materials. In recent years, science and technology have become more and more stringent, and esters are flame retardant, and they will emerge as the times require. Looking forward to the future, the formula will be innovative, the preparation process will be refined, and new structures with high efficiency and low toxicity will emerge one after another. And due to the increasing market demand, its application prospects in the fields of electronics, transportation, and construction are increasingly broad. If it can cooperate with the development of biodegradable materials and circular economy concepts, it can also promote the realization of a green and low-carbon society. With intelligence and functionalization as the guide, multi-performance composite phosphate flame retardants are expected to dominate the future industrial trend. From this perspective, the future of phosphate flame retardants is promising, and it is a key to materials science and an important tool for industrial innovation.
    Where to Buy Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant in China?
    As a trusted Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant manufacturer, we deliver: Factory-Direct Value: Competitive pricing with no middleman markups, tailored for bulk orders and project-scale requirements. Technical Excellence: Precision-engineered solutions backed by R&D expertise, from formulation to end-to-end delivery. Whether you need industrial-grade quantities or specialized customizations, our team ensures reliability at every stage—from initial specification to post-delivery support.
    Frequently Asked Questions

    As a leading Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.

    What are the main application fields of Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant?
    Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant is also a phosphate ester flame retardant. Its unique nature, unique mechanism, is the most important part of modern industry. This article discusses its application field, briefly describes the number of ends, in order to illustrate its great use.
    First, it is widely used in polymer materials. Plastics and rubber in this world are more flammable, and they are used in a lot of sweat. However, if the fire is burned, the smoke will be burned. Mixing phosphate flame retardant with it can improve its fire resistance. Halogen-free and environmentally friendly, widely favored. Especially in polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, epoxy resin and other products, the flame retardant effect is more and more significant when this agent is incorporated, and the use of wire and cable insulation, floors, doors and windows, etc., to ensure safety.
    Second, the lubricant industry also needs this agent. High-performance hydraulic oils and aviation lubricants are mostly added with phosphate esters. Because of its strong self-extinguishing property, anti-oxidation, anti-wear and anti-flame effects, it is especially suitable for use in high temperature and high pressure environments. Aircraft hydraulic systems, heavy machinery equipment, and safety are mostly put first, and flame retardancy must be taken into account first, so phosphate esters come into play.
    Third, fiber and textile manufacturing, this agent is used to improve flame resistance. Fibers often burn quickly when exposed to fire. Phosphate flame retardants can penetrate between textile molecules, causing them to decompose when heated to form phosphoric acid, which then reacts with fibers to form a carbon layer, isolating oxygen and slowing down combustion. Therefore, all kinds of curtains, carpets, work clothes, protective clothing, and household fabrics rely on this to prevent fires.
    Fourth, the application of building materials. Today's high-rise buildings and buildings have complex structures and complex materials. Curtains, foam panels, wall decorations, sound insulation materials, etc., are intended to be safe. Phosphate flame retardants are introduced to inhibit the spread of fire, reduce the toxic generation of smoke, and prevent the spread of house disasters.
    Fifth, the field of electronics and appliances. Household appliances, electronic components, plastic shells, circuit boards, etc., are all sources of fire hazards. Applying phosphate flame retardants to them can not only improve heat resistance, but also reduce fire risk and protect the operation of electrical appliances.
    In summary, phosphate flame retardants are irreplaceable in the fields of polymer plastics, lubricating oils, fiber textiles, building materials, and electronic devices. Their effectiveness is significant, and environmental protection is integrated. It is also an important tool for industrial safety in this world.
    What is the Flame Retardant Mechanism of Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant?
    Phosphate flame retardants have a mysterious mechanism, which is based on the lean physics and chemistry of ancient and modern times. When a fire is burned, everything evaporates when heated, forming hydrocarbon gas, which sympathizes with oxygen, and then burns fiercely. Phosphate esters are often used as additives or chemical aids, which enter polymer materials, decompose when heated, and release phosphorus-containing compounds. These phenomena are divided into two ways: the gas phase and the condensed phase.
    In the gas phase, phosphate esters precipitate phosphorus and oxygen radicals, which can capture active radicals generated during combustion, such as H ·, OH ·, causing their chain reaction to be blocked. The flame burns and continues, and the fire intensity decreases. This is called a chain reaction to cut off the flame energy and inhibit the spread of the flame. In addition, during combustion, non-combustible gases, such as H2O or CO2, are released, which can dilute the concentration of combustible gases and oxygen and further inhibit their flame.
    Even in the condensed phase, phosphate esters are heated and decomposed to generate phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid catalyzes the dehydration and condensation of polymers at high temperatures, promotes the carbonization of their surfaces, and the carbon deposition film is thick and dense, causing the deep layer of the substance to be isolated from the air. The carbon layer is solid, which can not only block gas, but also prevent heat transfer, making it difficult for heat to reach the unburned material. It is difficult for the substance to continue burning. The carbonization layer can also prevent the melting of oligomer logistics droplets and slow down the danger of dissolved droplets supporting combustion. Phosphate esters and polyhydroxyl polymers cooperate to make the carbonated film more tough, and the self-protection effect
    If combined with a halogen-containing and nitrogen-containing flame retardant system, the effect complements each other and doubles the flame retardant performance of the material. However, phosphate flame retardants are widely used in modern industries for their low toxicity and environmental friendliness. They promote good and eliminate evil, and benefit people's lives without disasters.
    In summary, phosphate flame retardants have both dual effects of gasification: gas-phase chain interception and flame suppression, and condensation of carbonized protective bodies. Together, the two are flame-resistant and effective, making them a good product among flame retardants.
    Does Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant Have Environmental Impact?
    Phosphate flame retardants are commonly used in modern processes, especially in plastics, fibers, and coatings. Their properties are heat-resistant and flame-retardant, used to prevent fires, and benefit people's livelihood, with countless benefits. However, on the one hand, there are often hidden dangers, how can we not observe them in depth?
    Phosphate flame retardants are mostly organophosphorus compounds with different structures, but most of them are released into the environment after application of various polymers, or due to aging, initialization, and pyrolysis. If used in a large area, they will accumulate over time, and can escape into the air, water, and soil through waste, leakage, volatilization, and combustion. At the beginning, ions or molecules migrate, and biological uptake gradually enters the food chain, which has a greater impact.
    And there are many phosphate esters, such as triphenyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, etc., which are not only chemically stable, but also bioaccumulative, which is harmful to the health of organisms. Experiments have been conducted that it can inhibit enzyme functions, disturb the nervous system, and some are more toxic to reproduction and carcinogenic. Western scholars have reported that it accumulates in water bodies, affecting the reproduction of fish and shrimp; and it can spread with the atmosphere, and the distant ecology is also affected by it.
    And such flame retardants are difficult to be naturally degraded, and they remain in the environment for a long time, which is more likely to cause chronic pollution. It is difficult to prevent human or livestock contact from drinking water, breathing, and food. The European Union, the United States and other places have restrictions to avoid its harm.
    But there are also good strategies: such as the development of phosphorus-containing green flame retardants, or the use of bioremediation, and wait for it to self-dissolve, so as not to cause harm for a long time. However, the way to cure the root cause is to improve the process, reduce toxicity, promote recycling and proper disposal, so that environmental species are protected from its intrusion.
    Overall, phosphate-based flame retardants have inherent flame-suppressing power. However, in the environment and biological systems, if used in an excessive manner, it will inevitably lead to endless consequences. Good governance is about being flexible and changeable, and carefully guarding the principle of ecological balance.
    What should be paid attention to when using Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant?
    Phosphate flame retardants have unique chemical properties and are suitable for a variety of polymer materials, which can significantly improve their fire resistance. However, their use must be cautious, meticulous or negligent, and they are prone to disease. For the first storage, it should be placed in a cool and dry place, away from fire sources and strong oxidants, to prevent volatilization or explosion, pollute the air and damage health. This time, pay attention to wearing protective equipment. When operating, gloves, masks and goggles are commonly used to prevent phosphate ester volatiles from contacting the skin, mucous membranes, or inhaling the respiratory tract, and it may cause headache, nausea or poor breathing for a long time.
    When preparing, follow the procedures, slowly add it to the substrate or mixed solution, stir well, and master the ratio. Excessive amounts will endanger the inherent properties of the material, and an appropriate amount will complement each other. Do not mix other flammable, strongly corrosive, and strongly oxidizing substances at will to avoid violent chemical reactions or precipitation of biotoxic by-products. Although phosphate esters have flame retardant effects, some categories are stored for a long time, hydrolyzed and easily decomposed, resulting in irritating or toxic substances. Regularly check their quality to prevent deterioration and failure.
    The construction environment should be well ventilated to prevent the accumulation of harmful gases, affecting human health or causing fire risks. In case of leakage, quickly collect the adsorbent substances, do not wash them with water, and prevent toxic diffusion. After cleaning, properly dispose of the waste. Do not discharge them at will to avoid polluting the river soil. Its residual utensils should be thoroughly cleaned to prevent residual stains from persisting for a long time.
    If you accidentally touch phosphate flame retardants, wash the contaminated area with plenty of water. If swallowed or inhaled, seek medical attention as soon as possible and follow the doctor's advice. The risk of phosphate compounds should not be underestimated. Only by taking precautions and operating according to norms can safety and effectiveness be considered. Use it in this way without worry.
    What materials are Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants compatible with?
    Phosphate ester flame retardants, with stable properties and high temperature resistance, are often used in polymer materials to improve their flame retardant properties. Its body has many polar functional groups, so it complements a variety of polymer materials. In terms of its compatibility with materials, the first to bear the brunt is polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Due to the good polarity of phosphate esters, the interaction between them and the polyvinyl chloride molecular chain is significant, and they can be evenly distributed in the matrix of the polymer. There is no precipitation phenomenon and no migration hazard, which can significantly improve the flame retardant grade and processing performance of the product.
    If polyurethane foam is compatible with it, it will also see results. Phosphate molecules can be integrated into the microstructure of the polyurethane system, which not only improves the flame retardancy, but also regulates the softness and resilience of the foam, and has many applications in furniture, car seats, etc. In addition, polyester, polypropylene, epoxy resins, etc. are also well compatible with phosphate flame retardants. Although polypropylene is a non-polar polymer, surface modification or use with other additives can also improve the compatibility effect, so that the flame retardant is evenly distributed, without affecting the mechanical properties and processability of the material itself.
    As for polymers such as phenolic resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), phosphate esters can also partially penetrate into their molecular networks to synergistically improve flame retardant properties. However, for some materials with lower polarity, the phosphate ester type with suitable chain length, functional group and molecular weight must be properly selected to achieve the best compatibility effect; otherwise, side effects such as precipitation, migration or physical property decline may occur.
    Overall, phosphate ester flame retardants are most compatible with polar polymers such as PVC, polyurethane, and polyester resins; non-polar or weakly polar polymers such as polypropylene need to be supplemented with a compatible agent or surface modification, which is also applicable. Engineering plastics such as ABS can also achieve good synergistic flame retardant effect by choosing a suitable phosphate ester type. This is a general discussion of the compatibility of phosphate ester flame retardants.