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What are the main application fields of Coated Red Phosphorus?
The coated red phosphorus is based on red phosphorus, and the outer layer is covered with an inert protective layer. It has good oxidation resistance and moisture resistance. It is one of the most precious phosphorus materials. Its production method is complicated. First, the red phosphorus particles are wrapped in polymers or inorganic substances, and baked at high temperature to cut off contact with the outside air. Therefore, its chemical properties are stable, and the storage and transportation safety is far better than that of raw phosphorus. This material has a wide range of uses, especially the following ends.
First, it should be used in the field of flame retardants. Red phosphorus is a good flame retardant material, but bare phosphorus is easy to absorb moisture and oxidize, which is not good for long-term use. After coating, its stability increases and it is widely used in the manufacture of plastics, rubber, fibers, etc. In case of fire, red phosphorus is coated to release phosphoric acid, forming a carbon layer to cover the surface of the fuel and block oxygen to achieve flame retardant purposes. Electronic and electrical equipment, in particular, need high safety standards. Multi-coated red phosphorus is used to prepare engineering plastics to ensure its flame retardancy, thermal decomposition and low smoke toxicity.
Second, it is used in ignition devices such as safety matches and fireworks. The chemical properties of coated red phosphorus tend to be mild. As a safety match rubbing raw material, it is stable and controllable when ignited, and there is no danger of explosion. Pyrotechnic firecrackers and signal flares are favored by military and civilian fields because of their suitable detonation speed and mild response. Compared with white phosphorus, it is especially popular because of its high self-ignition point and is not easy to spontaneously burn due to friction at room temperature.
Third, it is used in pesticide preparation and electronics industry. The pesticide process requires phosphorus-containing intermediates, and coated red phosphorus gradually replaces traditional white phosphorus and yellow phosphorus in the synthesis of organophosphorus pesticides. In the field of electronics, coated red phosphorus is a reducing agent and special gas preparation raw material, with fine temperature control and pure reaction. It is conducive to the high cleanliness of electronic components, and its status is important year by year.
In addition, some special alloys are also used in melting, deoxidation, catalysts and fine chemical synthesis. But it is important in the fields of flame retardancy, ignition devices, electronics and pesticides. Due to the significant improvement in the safety and stability of coated red phosphorus, it has gradually become the mainstream of red phosphorus deep processing, making a significant contribution and having a profound impact on the modern industrial system.
What are the improvements in the safety performance of Coated Red Phosphorus compared to ordinary red phosphorus?
Red phosphorus is one of the elements, and its properties are safer than yellow phosphorus. However, there is still the risk of spontaneous combustion. In case of rubbing, bumping or high temperature, it is prone to phosphorus fire, and it is easy to absorb moisture into acids, and the damage is not small. If it is coated, that is, Coated Red Phosphorus, it is covered with a polymer or inorganic material to isolate the air and inhibit the erosion of moisture and acid gases. This move has several advantages: first, the coating layer prevents it from coming into contact with external oxygen, so the spontaneous combustion temperature is greatly increased, and the probability of ignition and explosion is greatly reduced; second, the coating is anti-wetting, and red phosphorus is no longer easy to absorb moisture into phosphoric acid, and the stability is significantly enhanced. It is not easy to change the composition or qualitative change during storage and transportation; third, the coating layer is mostly inert substances, such as resin, silicone, etc., which can improve the overall thermal stability of red phosphorus, that is, it is difficult to ignite easily when exposed to high temperatures. Fourth, the coating can reduce the risk of sparks caused by mechanical impact and friction, because the red phosphorus particles have a buffer armor outside. Fifth, the coating can also reduce the escape of red phosphorus dust, protect the health of the operator, and prevent phosphorus dust inhalation from damaging the lungs. Six, some coating materials have both flame retardant and antistatic effects, further enhancing the safety of storage, transportation, processing and application. Therefore, Coated Red Phosphorus has greatly improved its safety performance compared with ordinary red phosphorus, and can be widely used in fields with high standards such as flame retardant masterbatch, electronics, and military industry. However, the coating also needs to select materials to ensure its compatibility and long-term stability. Overall, Coated Red Phosphorus has excellent stability, reduces the risk of accidents, and is beneficial to storage and circulation. It is better than uncoated ordinary red phosphorus.
What are the requirements for storage and transportation of Coated Red Phosphorus?
If red phosphorus is coated, it is safer than normal red phosphorus. However, it is a commonly used product in chemical industry, and it is still suspected of being flammable. Therefore, when storing and transporting, be careful to prevent disasters. The storage room should be selected as a cool and ventilated place, away from fire, heat sources and high temperatures. It is forbidden to store with oxidants, strong acids, strong alkalis and flammable and explosive substances. Its utensils must be sealed to avoid moisture. If they are damp, there is a risk of spontaneous combustion. Iron drums and plastic drums should be used as containers, and the mouth should be capped to prevent air contamination.
The method of transportation is more expensive than handling it with care, and it should not be bumped. It is strictly forbidden to expose to the hot sun, and it is not allowed to be carried with food, feed, daily necessities and oxidized and corrosive substances. In case of fire, it should be quickly extinguished with dry sand and carbon dioxide, and must not be put out with water, for fear of the development of phosphine toxic gas. Transport vehicles must be equipped with corresponding fire extinguishers, and clearly indicate "flammable items", driving slowly, and the route should avoid the bustling and bustling city, so as to avoid accidents.
The way of management, clear responsibilities, properly set up a special person to guard, enter and exit are registered for inspection, and do not let unrelated personnel near. And the sealing state of the utensils should be checked regularly. If leakage or damage is found, it should be replaced urgently. In the storage place, there are fire-fighting equipment, such as sand boxes and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, and the passage is smooth so as not to worry. Accumulation should not be excessive, and if the storage period is long, it should be inspected.
Although the coating red phosphorus has better properties, it should not be taken lightly and with caution. In this way, it can ensure safe storage and safe transportation. Every operation must be equipped with safety protective clothing and hats, without fear of dust attack. In case of escape, quickly collect it with a broom, and do not sprinkle water. Following this regulation, the disaster can be avoided, and it will be safe.
What is the flame retardant mechanism of Coated Red Phosphorus?
Red phosphorus, a kind of phosphorus, is red in color and very lively. However, if it is only mixed into the polymer material in its original state, it is easy to absorb moisture and spontaneous combustion, and it is very difficult to use. Therefore, people use red phosphorus as the basis, and the coating is made of inorganic or organic layers to form "coated red phosphorus", which is the essential product of flame retardant materials today. Its mechanism should be described separately.
When the flame attacks, the heat drives the red phosphorus to decompose, releasing phosphine and various phosphorus-containing free radicals. At that time, the coated layer can not only prevent the direct contact of red phosphorus with oxygen, delay its heating and reaction rate, but also prevent the spontaneous combustion of red phosphorus, and ensure the stability of its storage and processing. Once the high temperature is high enough to destroy the coating, red phosphorus is excited, and its flame retardant effect appears in three ways:
One is the condensed phase flame retardant. When the polymer is thermally decomposed, red phosphorus promotes its dehydration and carbonization, and a dense carbon shell is formed on the surface of the material, which not only isolates the invasion of oxygen, but also inhibits the spread of combustion. The carbon shell is tough and corresponds to the end, making it difficult for heat to penetrate and retains its shape. All these effects are obtained from the catalysis of phosphorus ions.
The second is gas phase flame retardancy. Red phosphorus is heated, releasing phosphorus-related radicals, which capture highly reactive radicals (such as · H, · OH) in the combustion reaction in the flame zone. If the bottom is drawn, the chain reaction is suppressed and the fire is greatly reduced. The flame is deactivated, the heat flux drops sharply, and the incineration is difficult to continue.
The third is the isolation effect. The coating layer of red phosphorus, when heated, itself or participates in the formation of other products, generates a coating or expansion layer, and blocks gas and heat insulation, further improving the fire resistance of the material. In addition, if there are components such as aluminum hydroxide in the coating agent, it can also generate water vapor, take away heat, and benefit the fire insulation.
To sum up, coating red phosphorus to stabilize the storage activity, and entering the polymer material has the flame retardant power in both the condensation and gas phase worlds. At the same time, it generates a heat insulation barrier and triple protection, so it is widely used.
What are the typical physicochemical properties of Coated Red Phosphorus?
Coated Red Phosphorus is coated with a special coating, or coated with a polymer, or coated with a flame retardant to improve its physical and chemical properties. Its properties are reddish-brown powder, loose in quality, slightly dull in luster, and slightly odor. Compared with uncoated ones, the stability is greatly enhanced, and it is not easy to react strongly with oxygen in the air. The coating can block moisture, so it is not easy to be damp and agglomerate, the storage period is prolonged, and the quality is constant.
Its density is about 2 to 2.5 grams per cubic centimeter, and its melting point is high. If white phosphorus is flammable, it will not burn in case of an open flame. It needs more than 250 degrees Celsius to start the reaction. Its chemical reaction activity is moderate, insoluble in water, and does not react in acid and alkaline solutions. However, if it is co-located with strong oxidants, it is still dangerous to burn. Various coating processes can significantly weaken its spontaneous combustion and explosiveness, and its safety performance is better than that of ordinary red phosphorus, especially suitable for industrial production and storage and transportation.
Coating the surface of red phosphorus is mostly made of polyvinyl alcohol, phenolic resin, epoxy polymer materials, or carrier graphite. Such materials are strong, provide physical isolation, and can inhibit the direct contact of red phosphorus with air, moisture, and other substances. Its heat resistance is enhanced, and its chemical stability is also outstanding. The thickness of the coating and the quality of the material all affect its flame retardancy and safety performance. In polymer materials, plastics, and rubber, it is mostly used as a flame retardant, which has both high efficiency and safety.
This product is non-toxic, not as fierce as yellow phosphorus, and can avoid worker poisoning. However, if it is used for a long time at high temperature or under severe impact, it is still necessary to beware of flame splashing or smoke damage. Looking at its physical and chemical properties, coated red phosphorus can be said to be safe and stable, which not only maintains flame retardant effect, but also facilitates storage and transportation. It is one of the most superior products among industrial phosphorus.