Fire Retardant Chemicals for Fabrics

Flame retardant drugs are heavy in both ancient and modern times, and they are particularly important for textiles. Today, the main categories are briefly described as follows.
Phosphorus-based flame retardants are the most commonly used, mostly represented by phosphate and phosphonate esters. The reason is that at high temperatures, phosphoric acid is explained, which forms phosphate or polyphosphoric acid, which is attached to the fiber surface to form a carbon layer to isolate oxygen and contain fire. Such drugs are water-soluble and non-water-soluble. Common ones such as sodium tripolyphosphate, triphenyl phosphate chloride, etc., are effective for cotton, linen, wool and other textiles.
Halogen-based flame retardants are mainly based on bromine and chlorine compounds. During incineration, active halogen atoms are released, which deprives free radicals and blocks the combustion chain reaction. The most commonly used ones are decabromodiphenyl ether, chlorinated paraffin, etc. These substances are simple to process and low cost. They can escape toxic fumes from burning, and have a huge environmental impact. Nowadays, they are gradually limited by various countries.
Nitrogen-based flame retardants are also one way. Its representatives are melamine derivatives, which explain nitrogen at high temperatures, dilute the oxygen content in the air, and can also promote carbonization and reduce further oxidation of substances. Such agents are mostly used in combination with phosphorus-based products, which complement each other and are used in intumescent flame retardant coatings.
Inorganic flame retardants, mainly such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc. These substances decompose by heat, release water, absorb heat and cool down, can inhibit the temperature rise of fabrics, and have the effect of dilution and coating. Its toxicity is extremely low, and there is no pollution. However, the amount of addition is large, and the material properties are more affected. It is mostly used in cotton and linen coarse cloth or industrial textiles.
Boron-based flame retardants such as borax and boric acid can promote carbonization and hinder the spread of flames. They are safe and harmless. The process is simple, but the water resistance is relatively weak, and it is easy to be washed and removed. It is mainly used for interior decoration and curtains.
The choice of flame retardant materials has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to take into account the performance of fabrics and pay attention In today's technology, green, halogen-free flame retardant is becoming the mainstream, but the mechanism is different, depending on the application.

The fire resistance chemical agent is also an element used to protect the stability of the fabric in this world's technology. The methods are multi-terminal, which can be described as follows: either dipping method, coating method, or spraying, and each has its own suitable place. In the dipping method, the fabric is placed in the prepared flame retardant liquid. Once it penetrates into the fiber, the effect of the drug is extended. After taking it out, it is allowed to dry, and then baked at high temperature to firmly combine the drug with the fabric. This method is suitable for natural fibers such as cotton and linen, and the benefits are quite good. As for chemical synthetic fibers, such as polyester and acrylic, it is advisable to use the coating method to evenly apply the flame retardant to the surface of the fabric to form a protective film. If you need to apply it quickly, you can use the spray method to spray it with a mist-like agent. Although the effect is slightly inferior, it is simple and practical.
Its chemical agents are mostly halogens, phosphorus-based and inorganic substances. Halogens can absorb heat, decompose, and prevent the spread of flames. Phosphorus-based polymers are formed in case of fire, isolating air, or combining fibers to prevent thermal cracking. Inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, which release water when heated, cool the surface of the fabric, and dilute the combustible gas generated by combustion, are all effective. After the fabric is treated, it is difficult to burn in case of fire, and it will self-extinguish when the fire stops. In this step, the drug is firmly combined with the fabric, and it is especially difficult to fail after washing.
When applying fire resistance chemicals, you must first carefully check the texture of the fabric, choose the appropriate dosage form and process, and observe the dosage to ensure that the effect is uniform and long-lasting. Craftsmen also need to be careful in operation, not only to ensure the safety of application, but also to take into account the color and softness of the fabric, without damaging its true color and feel. After this treatment, the clothing, curtains, and carpets used in the supplies can prevent fires far away, and people can worry about the disaster of burning. In this way, the benefits of fire resistance are popularized to the common people, which benefits a lot.

Fire retardants are used for the safety of clothes and quilts, and their origin can be traced back for hundreds of years. Nowadays, chemical methods are becoming more and more sophisticated, and fire retardants are becoming more and more diverse. However, their advantages and disadvantages also come together, and we must not ignore them.
Fire retardants, or phosphorus, or bromine, or boron, or halogen, have their own unique properties, and they are all important agents for burning and preventing fireworks. Applied to cloth, it has the effect of late burning and not burning, and it is relied on by home, industry, and military. However, when medicinal properties enter clothing, people will contact them, and they will suffer more harm. Phosphates, bromides, and chlorinated agents, which accumulate for a long time, or cause skin itching, rash, and cracking, or induce respiratory diseases. Women, children and young children have delicate muscles, and are especially susceptible to its poison. Not only does it injure the body, but it can also cause atmospheric pollution. Clothes are discarded, and the chemical residues of fire prevention enter the water with the wind, flowing into the rivers and lakes and seas, and fish, birds and beasts are infected all the time. When people drink, they must take its water, and when they eat, they must trace it to its source. Over time, they will also suffer from diseases.
The harm of the agent is not just in front of them. Burning waste cloth, fire prevention medicine escapes with the smoke, and enters the atmosphere and drifts through the wind. Or fall into the fields, or on the road, and re-infect everything. Toxins gradually enter the ecology, involving plants and trees, insects and fish are difficult to avoid. Especially brominated and halogen fire retardants, which can disturb the harmony of animal gonads, cause poor fertility, and some have abnormal larval development. Because the chemical components accumulate in the fat, follow the order of food, and progress layer by layer, eventually returning to the human body.
It is also known that there are biological fire retardants, or based on natural materials, which do not damage health and are less toxic to the environment. However, the cost is high, and it is not widely used. At times, people often put economic interests first, and chemical fire retardants are temporarily difficult to replace.
However, clothing is fireproof, which is really concerned with safety and danger. It is not advisable to use it completely. Only scientific drug use is required, careful screening at the source, and those with high safety and low toxicity are selected. And it is appropriate to implement norms in use and disposal to purify the environment and protect the group life.
In summary, fire retardant chemicals coexist in function and harm. If not used carefully, it will harm the body and harm the group, spread poison to the environment and even future generations. It is advisable to be vigilant of its harm and promote green methods, so that clothes and quilts can be safe with heaven and earth.

Fire Retardant Chemicals are applied to fabrics to make fibers flame retardant and reduce fire damage. However, its fire protection effect cannot last forever, and its durability is actually related to multi-terminal elements. The materials used in chemical additives may be phosphorus, halogen, nitrogen, or new halogen-free formulas. The application method, dipping, or spraying are all different. The durability of its effect depends first on the properties of the fabric itself. Cotton and linen silk, natural fibers are easy to gradually shed the agent; polyester, acrylic, and synthetic fibers can last a little longer.
Secondly, the conditions of use are also important. If the fabric is washed with water from time to time, the fire protection effect will gradually decrease. Steaming and washing in water, or ironing at high temperature, the agent will decompose, and the protection will inevitably decrease. Frequent cleaning, especially with soaps or organic solvents, is the easiest to remove chemical components. If it is only hung and left standing, rarely touched, the effect of the medicine may last for several years. However, if it is used in turn, or exposed to sunlight, wind and rain, the medicine will eventually be lost.
In addition, the high performance of the medicine itself determines its adhesion fastness. Excellent fire retardant, with a solid molecular structure, can penetrate deep into the fiber, and the bond is especially solid. With the progress of science in the world, those who have a long effect can last for ten years. However, ordinary products, but three to five years, and repeated rinses are even shorter. If it is a household textile product, the clothes and quilts should be draped, and the medicine should be applied again every year to ensure safety.
If it is used for engineering purposes, such as theater curtains and hotel bedding, it must be tested regularly, and it should be reapplied in one or two years. The method of inspection, or take a small sample and test the fire with fire to observe the reaction. If there is no sign of flame retardant, it needs to be dealt with immediately. In short, the fire protection effect of Fire Retardant Chemicals on fabrics is difficult to rely on for a long time, depending on the dosage frequency, fiber quality, situation, and drug efficacy. Be sure to check frequently and reapply it in a timely manner, so that it will be safe for a long time.

However, flame retardant agents are used in fabrics, and their properties are mostly due to different chemical compositions, so they affect the feel and appearance from time to time. Flame retardant methods, either by impregnation or coating, all want to make the fabric non-flammable in case of fire, or slow down the burning rate. The agent penetrates the fibers, causing the composition to change, and the internal quality and surface are affected.
The difference in feel is due to the adhesion of the agent between the fibers, or the formation of a film, or the change of fiber softness, so the soft or stiff; the slippery or the feeling of astringency. The properties of chemical reagents are hydrophilic, hydrophobic, weight gain, and inelastic. Reusing salts often makes the fabric gain weight and brittle. If resins are used, the surface will be brighter, less natural and flexible, and the tentacles will feel slightly sticky. Only if an appropriate amount is applied, the weight can be weighed.
Change in appearance, the agent will attack the color and luster of the fabric, or cause discoloration and lose its original beauty. If the dyeing is not firm, it is easy to be dull and mottled due to the influence of the agent. If the deposits on the fibers agglomerate, they will be fluffy and tight, and the feeling of floating pictures will be reduced. If the yellow phosphorus series or boron salts are often slightly yellow after dyeing and weaving, the fabric will lose its original and clean appearance. There are also agents that are photosensitive, and the color will fade and change over time.
And chemical reaction, easy to produce odor, slightly obvious at first, but reduced after a long time. Or make the fabric slightly medicinal smell, not clean. However, after many washes, the medicine may be removed, and the feel and appearance can gradually return to the old view. However, if it is a permanent flame retardant treatment, the impact is difficult to completely eliminate.
If you want the fabric to be flame retardant without damaging the feel and appearance, you must choose a reasonable agent and exquisite craftsmanship. Today's polymer materials and microcapsule coating methods can reduce the impact and preserve the softness of the fabric. However, it is not completely the same as the original appearance. Weighing the pros and cons, it is called natural. All in all, flame retardant agents can protect the safety of the fabric, and the impact on its feel and appearance cannot be ignored.