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What are the main ingredients of Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood?
Soluble flame retardants are used in wood, and their main components are mostly inorganic and organic compounds, in order to increase the fire resistance of wood. Common ones include phosphorus, boron, nitrogen and halogen compounds, which are all designed to inhibit combustion reaction, reduce flammability and delay fire when heated.
Phosphorus flame retardants are mostly phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. When heated, these components release phosphine gas, which covers the surface of wood, forming a carbonized layer and blocking oxygen, so it can delay combustion. Boric acid and borax (sodium diborate) are common in boron series, which can prevent corrosion and bacteria, and help suppress fire. Nitrogen-based products such as urea and ammonium sulfate release ammonia gas in case of fire, reducing the surface temperature, which can inhibit combustion and help carbonization. Although halogen-based flame retardants have strong effects, chlorine, bromine and other components are often harmful, so they are often discarded.
In addition, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate are also occasionally auxiliary to jointly adjust the stability and permeability of the solution. When formulating, water is often used as a solvent, and a penetrant is used to make the solution penetrate deep into the wood fiber, so that the flame retardant effect is long. Process or mixed use of multiple compounds, depending on the different effects of each ingredient, synergy can benefit its overall effect.
The mechanism is to use the generation of inert gas, promote wood carbonization, and isolate oxygen to make the three elements of combustion impossible. Modern industrial formulas depend on the specific use, or add surfactants to facilitate wood adsorption, or add waterproof agents to improve outdoor applicability. In short, dissolved flame retardants are widely used in wood products such as construction and furniture because of their simple composition, effectiveness and compatibility with wood.
How is Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood Used on Wood?
Dissolved flame retardants are the art of wood fire prevention, and the method is well-documented. First choose a suitable flame retardant, mostly phosphorus, nitrogen, organic halogen and other compounds, and should be non-toxic and environmentally friendly as the top grade. The preparation is dissolved in water to make a certain proportion of the solution. If the amount is dilute, the effect will be small, and if the amount is thick, it will cause wood to deteriorate. It must be appropriate.
The wood is dry and clean, remove its dust impurities, or slightly wipe with sandpaper to make the texture accessible and easy to absorb the solution. When operating, it should be in a ventilated and cool place, avoid exposure to the hot sun, and prevent moisture from invading. It can be applied by three methods: brush, spray and dip. The brush method is simple and suitable for small utensils. The spray method is fast and suitable for large areas of wood boards. The impregnation is the deepest and the effect is particularly good, especially for heavy wood.
If the impregnation method is used, the wood is immersed in the solution and left to stand for a day and a night to make the liquid penetrate the inside. Brush or spray, when the surface is covered, nothing is missed, wait for it to dry, repeat it two or three times, and the effect will increase. After drying, it is better to see its luster and moisturizing, and it is not sticky or slippery. It can also be dried with hot air to promote its medicinal properties.
After application, the wood is infiltrated with a flame retardant liquid, and its performance can prevent fire from burning. However, the power of fire prevention gradually decreases with the years, and it needs to be reapplied over time to keep it safe. In addition to the solution, it should be properly stored and kept away from the fire to avoid accidents.
The application of flame retardants may also damage the nature and color of wood. However, there is still a slight impact on the hardness, which can be rectified and compensated. It is a good fire prevention technique, which is widely used in beams, columns, wooden walls, furniture stairs, and houses, temples, schools, and workshops. To sum up, the use of dissolved flame retardants in wood, the steps are detailed, the advantages and disadvantages are weighed, and the good use can ensure the well-being of the room and avoid the worry of fire.
Does Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood Affect the Physical Properties of Wood?
Wood is used for creation, and it has natural characteristics. Its texture is tough and fine, and it is well used by craftsmen. Nowadays, fire prevention techniques are used, and soluble flame retardants are infiltrated into wood in order to suppress the potential of blazing flames. However, flame retardants interact with wood, and their physical properties of wood also have a more or less impact.
Soluble flame retardants are mostly inorganic salts and organic compounds. Their mechanism of action is to change the chemical structure in wood, or to form an expansion layer when hot, cutting off the supply of fuel. After wood is flame retardant treated, its hygroscopicity is often enhanced. Because the flame retardant itself is hydrophilic, it is easy to absorb moisture in the air, resulting in an increase in the equilibrium moisture content of wood, and the change of moisture expansion and drying shrinkage is also exacerbated, which is prone to warping or deformation. And the flame retardant dissolves into the fiber voids, reducing the porosity of wood and enhancing its thermal conductivity. However, the strength of wood may also be slightly impaired, especially the properties of bending resistance, compression resistance and shear resistance. Studies have shown that some flame retardants can react with wood cellulose and destroy the bond between fibers, so their mechanical properties are not as good as the raw material.
The penetration of flame retardants affects the transparency of wood color, or causes discoloration and darkening. Its smoothness also changes due to immersion corrosion, which hinders the beauty of the process. The application method, dosage, wood type, and treatment process of natural-soluble flame retardants are all key factors. If properly implemented, the damage can be controlled, and the wood can still maintain its basic shape and structure.
Now it is a matter of weighing the interests. Although soluble flame retardants can improve the safety level of wood, delay combustion, and save people in danger, they have no effect on the physical properties of wood. When craftsmen make it, they need to weigh it, and choose the appropriate one to use.
Are Soluble Flame Retardants for Wood Safe for the Environment and People?
Solution-based flame retardants are used in wood by the world to prevent it from being flammable. Their function is outstanding, but whether they are safe in the environment and human body should not be ignored. Or ask about their sexual safety, then consider their essence, usage, distribution and impact on life and the earth.
The solution-based flame retardants used in this world are mostly phosphorus, boron and ammonium salts, and some contain halogens. Phosphorus and boron are two types, most of which have no strong toxicity and are less harmful to the environment. However, if they are used too much, or wastewater is distributed to the fields, they will be afraid of the harm of phosphorus, causing water bodies to be nutritious, algae growth, and ecological damage. Halogens, in case of high temperature or combustion, or release toxic gases, such as hydrogen chloride, dioxins, etc., will cause serious damage to the air. As for the human body, long exposure, there are also concerns about itchy skin and poor breathing, especially those with sensitive constitutions, should not be neglected.
Although flame retardants are in the shape of a solution and penetrate into wood, they are not like lacquer-coated surfaces. Some ingredients can escape with air and water. If people are in an environment where the coating is not dry or sawing powder is flying, they will experience tingling in the nasopharynx, and chest tightness and dizziness in severe cases. Flame retardants contain harmful ingredients, and if too much enters the body, they will involve the liver and kidneys and other organs. And in the environment, if it is wasted, it will eventually return to rivers, lakes and seas, or pass through the food chain, endangering all living beings.
However, solution-type flame retardants are originally intended to protect objects and prevent disasters. If a safe formula is selected and applied according to norms, the waste liquid will be purified, and the escape will be carefully prevented, and the danger will be controlled. Recently, new bio-based and low-toxic materials have been developed, which are becoming more green and environmentally friendly. Today's wood management should be rational, choose the appropriate use, and take measures to prevent and control, which is conducive to the well-being of people and does not harm the living beings of heaven and earth. Therefore, the safety of solution-type flame retardants depends on material selection, human beings and management. If the right path is followed, its harm can be eliminated. If it is negligent, the harm will follow.
Can Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood be used for Outdoor Wood?
The Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood is called "Water-soluble Wood Flame Retardant", which is specially used to inhibit the burning of wood. The nature of this case is actually a water-soluble agent. It is sprinkled on the surface of the wood, or impregnated in it, so that the wood is stained with flame retardant. However, its adaptation to outdoor wood should be further investigated.
Cover outdoor wood, often contaminated by wind and rain, morning and evening frost, alternating wet and dry, for a long time. Water-soluble flame retardants, because they use water as a solvent, after coating wood, are easily soluble in rain and seep with water, and the efficacy of the medicine is reduced for a long time. When a new flame retardant is applied, the flame retardant effect of the wood still exists, but after a year and a half, the drug is initialized by wind and rain, and its benefit gradually decays. When moisture invades again, the wood is also prone to mildew and corrosion. If it is applied with a water-soluble agent, its flame retardant power is difficult to last, and it cannot keep the wood safe for a long time.
Or apply it several times, it can also prolong the effect of the drug, but after all, it will not resist the power of rain and snow. There are flame retardants on the market that claim that the surface can form a film to resist rain. In fact, this film is thin and easy to crack, and it is difficult to resist the years. For a long-term solution, it is better to use non-water-soluble or compound flame retardants, or apply oily and waterproof dual treatment to the wood The oil-capping agent penetrates deep into the wood fiber, is closely integrated with the wood, and is not easy to be eroded by rain and water, and its flame retardant benefits can last for a long time.
There is also a pressure injection method to make the flame retardant penetrate deep into the wood heart, which can also enhance the effectiveness. However, if the material itself is loose in texture, the penetration is limited, and there are still endless worries. If you want outdoor durability, fire protection and anti-corrosion must be applied together, and flame retardant and waterproof need to be taken into account, then the wood can last for a long time in the courtyard, corridor, and even on the boat and cart, and you can enjoy it peacefully.
To sum up, Soluble Flame Retardant for Wood is good in principle and can be used for indoor wood. In the event of outdoor and wind and rain invaders, its effect will not last over time. If you want outdoor wood to last for a long time, you should choose a long-lasting agent, combine it with a waterproof method, and protect the wood with multiple processes, the life of the wood can be greatly increased.