Product Name: Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-2)
Chemical Formula: (NH4PO3)n
CAS Number: 68333-79-9
Recommended Use: Flame retardant in plastics, coatings, paints, adhesives, sealants, and construction materials.
Manufacturer Details: Manufacturer’s name, address, and contact number must be provided on the label or shipment paperwork for emergency response—responsible parties need quick access.
Emergency Contact: Provide a 24-hour emergency phone number to react fast in case of spill, fire or contact issues during transportation or use.
Hazard Classes: Not classified as flammable or explosive. Low acute toxicity. May cause mild irritation to eyes, skin, or on inhalation of dust.
Health Hazards: Repeated skin or eye contact might cause redness or itching. Excess dust inhalation could irritate the nose or throat.
Environmental Risk: High concentrations in water might disrupt aquatic life due to excess phosphate load.
Label Elements: No pictograms required under GHS for bulk product. Advisable warning: “May Cause Eye or Respiratory Irritation.”
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust. Use personal protective equipment. Wash hands after handling. Keep container closed.
Chemical Identity: Ammonium Polyphosphate
Concentration: >95%
Impurities: Trace amounts of orthophosphates, ammonium compounds, water (<5%)
Other Ingredients: No hazardous additives intentionally added.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing feels difficult, seek medical attention—symptoms might include coughing or mild throat irritation.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin thoroughly with water. Persistent redness or irritation means medical evaluation matters.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with clean water for several minutes. Remove contacts if possible. Irritation that lingers calls for a doctor.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Drink water. Contact medical services if symptoms appear.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, water spray, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct, high-pressure water jets might spread powder dust.
Specific Hazards: Product will not burn, but phosphoric oxides and ammonia fumes may form in extreme fires—ventilation becomes essential.
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Smoke can cause eye, nose, or lung irritation.
Advice for Firefighters: Control runoff. Keep containers cool with water spray. Stay out of hazard zone.
Personal Protection: Use dust masks, goggles, and gloves. Avoid stirring up dust.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release to drains and surface water. Collect spilled material in designated containers for proper disposal.
Cleanup Methods: Sweep carefully; avoid dry sweeping if dust is heavy. Dampen powder before collection for large spills. Dispose with local regulations in mind.
Disposal of Cleanup Materials: Avoid mix with organic waste; double-bag fine dust for landfill or follow hazardous waste controls if any local requirements exist.
Handling: Avoid generating and breathing dust. Wear protective clothing and gloves. Wash hands before eating or drinking. No food or drink in work area.
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated space. Keep containers tightly sealed and off moist flooring. Protect from heat, direct sunlight, and moisture.
Incompatible Materials: Keep away from strong acids and reducing agents.
Specific Requirements: Segregate from food products. Ensure safety data sheet is nearby for reference in emergency.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust or mechanical ventilation where dust could become airborne. Enclosed handling recommended for finer powders.
Personal Protection–Hand: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, latex or equivalent).
Personal Protection–Eye: Safety goggles or face shields in dusty settings.
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved particulate mask where dust becomes a nuisance.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific limit, but OEL for particulates not otherwise regulated is 10 mg/m3 for total dust.
Other Restraints: Change work clothes before re-entering non-work areas.
Appearance: White, free-flowing powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
pH (10% solution): 5.5–7.5
Melting/Decomposition Point: Above 240°C (decomposes, no true melting).
Solubility: Low in water; water solubility increases with chain length.
Density: 1.8–2.0 g/cm3
Partition Coefficient: Not determined.
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not flammable.
Explosive Properties: Dust explosion possible with strong ignition source.
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard temperatures and storage conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: Avoid prolonged exposure to moisture, direct heat, and acids.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids (releases toxic gases), strong alkalis, reducing agents.
Decomposition Products: Ammonia, phosphorus oxides, and water vapor under strong heating.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur in storage or use.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, accidental ingestion.
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): >5,000 mg/kg. Classified as low toxicity.
Chronic Toxicity: No known chronic effects after repeated exposure.
Skin/Eye Irritation: Minor redness or discomfort possible.
Sensitization: No reports of allergic reaction or respiratory sensitization.
Mutagenicity: Not expected based on available data.
Carcinogenicity: No evidence from animal studies.
Other Notable Effects: Dust may aggravate pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma.
Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial life at low concentrations. Excessive releases may upset phosphate balance in water bodies.
Persistence/Degradability: Breaks down to ammonium and phosphate ions; high bioavailability.
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely due to water solubility and dissociation.
Mobility: Dissolves and travels with water; may reach surface or groundwater.
Additional Notes: Avoid uncontrolled disposal to soil or water to prevent eutrophication.
Safe Disposal: Dispose of surplus or waste in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse and offer clean containers for recycling if possible, or landfill after crushing.
Special Cautions: Never pour down drains or water bodies. Minimize dust during handling and disposal.
Incineration: Not advisable; product decomposes into ammonia and phosphoric oxides if burned at high temperatures.
UN Number: Not regulated as hazardous material for transport.
Shipping Name: Ammonium Polyphosphate
Transport Hazard Class: Not subject to transport regulation.
Packing Group: Not assigned.
Special Precautions: Avoid moisture intrusion. Secure all packages firmly to avoid spillage.
Bulk Transport: Use sealed bulk containers or lined trucks for powder in commercial shipments.
Global Inventories: Listed on TSCA (USA), EINECS/ELINCS (Europe), DSL (Canada), AICS (Australia), ENCS (Japan).
Regulatory Status: Not regulated as a hazardous chemical under OSHA, ECHA, or WHMIS.
Label Requirements: No pictograms needed; caution and safe handling instructions recommended.
SARA 313, CERCLA, or RCRA: Not listed.
Specific Local Requirements: Refer to state or provincial guidelines for usage, release, and disposal; labeling adjustments may be required based on processing purpose.
