Product Name: Ammonium Polyphosphate
Product Code: XAP-02
SYNONYMS: APP, Polyphosphoric acid, Ammonium salt
Recommended Use: Flame retardant in plastics, paints, construction materials
Manufacturer: [Insert Company Name]
Address: [Insert Address]
Emergency Contact: [Insert Emergency Telephone Number]
Email: [Insert Contact Email]
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous according to OSHA HazCom.
Physical Hazards: Dust can accumulate and may pose a mild respiratory irritation.
Health Hazards: Possible mild irritation to eyes, skin, or respiratory tract with direct exposure to dust.
Environmental Hazards: Spills may contribute to localized nutrient overload in soil or water if large volumes are released.
Signal Word: None required
Pictograms: None required
Hazard Statements: May cause slight irritation. Inhalation of dust in poorly ventilated spaces can lead to coughing and discomfort.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid eye and skin contact. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation.
Chemical Name: Ammonium Polyphosphate
CAS Number: 68333-79-9
Molecular Formula: (NH4PO3)n
Concentration: Greater than 99%
Impurities: Small traces of orthophosphate, moisture below 0.5%, negligible ammonia release under normal conditions.
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if breathing difficulty persists. Remove dust from nasal and oral passages by rinsing with water.
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. Persistent irritation requires medical advice.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for several minutes, keeping eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if applicable and continue rinsing. Seek assistance for continued discomfort.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water and drink a glass or two of water. Don’t induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Consult a doctor if large amount is swallowed or adverse symptoms appear.
Most Important Symptoms: Mild irritation of respiratory tract, skin, or eyes, rarely severe.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, in line with the surrounding fire.
Specific Hazards: Product itself is not flammable. At high temperatures, decomposition may release ammonia and phosphorus oxides.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use standard protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Usual Hazards in Fires: Toxic fumes (ammonia, phosphorous oxides) can form, so positive pressure respiratory protection helps prevent inhalation.
Personal Precautions in Fires: Avoid breathing dust, smoke, vapors. Keep containers cool by spraying with water if exposed.
Explosion Risk: Dust clouds in confined or poorly ventilated spaces pose a minor explosion hazard.
Personal Precautions: Wear dust mask, gloves, eye protection. Restrict unnecessary ingress to affected area.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering drains, surface water, or soil in significant quantity. Avoid sweeping or shoveling dust into open drains.
Cleanup Methods: Scoop or contain spilled powder using non-sparking tools. Place in labeled container for reuse or disposal. Residuals can be washed away with water; minimize dust generation.
Disposal of Materials: According to local environmental regulations. Regular municipal landfill appropriate for non-contaminated material.
Other: Ventilate area after cleanup to prevent any remaining airborne dust.
Safe Handling: Use personal protective equipment if dust is present. Avoid breathing dust and direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Maintain good industrial hygiene practices.
Storage Conditions: Keep containers tightly closed and dry. Store in cool, well-ventilated place, away from moisture and incompatible materials such as strong acids and alkalis.
Incompatibilities: Avoid strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents. Contact can cause decomposition or hazardous reaction.
Packaging Materials: Store in polypropylene-lined sacks, sealed drums, or bulk silos suited for storing dry powders. Avoid metal containers that can corrode from residual ammonia.
Exposure Limit Values: No specific OSHA PEL, NIOSH REL, or ACGIH TLV for ammonium polyphosphate. Refer to local occupational guidelines for nuisance dusts (10 mg/m³ total dust, 3 mg/m³ respirable dust as general guideline).
Engineering Controls: Install local exhaust ventilation or use process enclosures in dusty handling areas.
Personal Protection:
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved dust mask or particulate respirator if dust forms.
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, long sleeves, and closed footwear.
Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses or chemical splash goggles if dust present.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face before eating, drinking, or smoking. Remove contaminated clothing before entering eating areas.
Environmental Controls: Contain dust and prevent release to the environment.
Appearance: White crystalline or powder solid
Odor: Odorless or mild ammoniacal
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH (10% solution): 5.5–7.5
Melting Point: Above 300°C (decomposes before melting)
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Non-flammable
Explosion Properties: Dust explosion risk in confined, dry areas
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Density (bulk): 0.6–1.0 g/cm³
Solubility in Water: Moderately soluble (varies with polymerization degree)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable
Decomposition Temperature: >300°C
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not self-igniting
Upper/Lower Flammability Limits: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature under dry, sealed conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, excessive heat, open flames, and strong sunlight accelerate decomposition.
Incompatible Materials: Acids (release of ammonia gas), alkalis, strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Ammonia, phosphorus oxides, low-level nitrogen oxides on heating.
Polymerization: Does not occur.
Storage Stability: Can absorb moisture and cake if left open in humid environments.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Low toxicity by oral, dermal, and inhalation exposure (oral LD50 in rats >5,000 mg/kg). Minimal irritant to skin and eyes based on animal studies.
Chronic Exposure: No significant health effects reported from repeated low-level exposure. Industrial handling has not shown sensitization.
Symptoms of Overexposure: Mild irritation, cough, redness, watery eyes; gastrointestinal upset if large quantities ingested.
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Mutagenicity and Reproductive Toxicity: Testing on ammonium polyphosphate shows negative results for mutagenic or teratogenic effects.
Medical Conditions Aggravated: Existing skin or respiratory conditions may experience temporary worsening if exposed to dust.
Ecotoxicity: Low acute toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrates (LC50/EC50 > 100 mg/L). No lasting impact expected at usual handling concentrations.
Persistence and Degradability: Inorganic. Slowly hydrolyzes to orthophosphate in water or soil, where plant uptake or natural cycling occurs.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Product does not bioaccumulate in living organisms.
Mobility in Soil: Water solubility helps limited migration; strong adsorption to soil particles possible.
Other Effects: Excessive release to natural water can stimulate algal growth, so avoid discharging dumps into the environment.
Chronic Environmental Impact: Long-term, repeated releases may disrupt aquatic ecosystems due to nutrient enrichment (eutrophication).
Waste Treatment Methods: Reuse or recycle uncontaminated product if possible. Dispose as non-hazardous waste in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations.
Contaminated Packaging: Cleaned containers may be recycled or disposed of like other packaging materials. Residue-free packaging can be sent to waste or recycling stream.
Special Considerations: Avoid landfill dumping of large quantities. Do not release to water courses, sewers, or soil in significant amounts.
Disposal Code: Local regulations or recommendations apply; non-hazardous classification supports non-special landfill disposal after considering environmental impact.
UN Number: Not regulated by UN transport regulations.
UN Proper Shipping Name: Not applicable
Transport Hazard Class: Not applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as hazardous to marine environments
Special Precautions for Transport: Prevent caking and moisture. Use sealed packaging. Transport with normal precautions for fine powders.
Labeling Requirements: None assigned for ground or sea shipment.
Other Information: No major risk during typical transport and handling procedures.
International Inventories: Listed in TSCA (US), EINECS/ELINCS (EU), DSL (Canada), and AICS (Australia).
OSHA Status: Not hazardous under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200
SARA Title III (Sections 311/312/313): Not reportable.
REACH Registration: Registered in the EU for volume and use.
State and Local Regulations: Check specific state or local requirements for disposal or release.
Other Regulations: Not regulated as a hazardous substance in transport or workplace safety codes.
Labeling: General precautionary labeling for nuisance dust applies, along with good practice handling advice.
